ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles on Essential Oil Quantity and Quality in Thymus vulgaris under Water Deficit
The aim of this study was to evaluate effect of foliar application of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on quantitative traits and essential oil, thymol and carvacrol percent of thyme under different levels of water stress. Factorial experiment was used based on a completely randomized design with four replications. Factors included water stress (50, 70 and 90% of field capacity) and titanium dioxide nanoparticles (0, 1 and 3 mg/l). Plant height, number of branches, fresh and dry weight of shoot, fresh and dry weight of root and also essential oils (thymol and carvacrol) content were measured using standard compounds by GC-Mass. Results showed that the water deficit affects significantly (P<0.01) on all studied traits. The greatest amount of essence (0.42% per dry matter), thymol (82.302%) and carvacrol (12.33%) at 70% field capacity and the lowest essence (0.30% per dry matter), thymol (77.53%) and carvacrol (11.62%) approached with 50% of field capacity. Analysis of variance showed significant effect (P<0.05) of titanium dioxide concentration on plant height and shoot fresh and dry weights and root dry weight (P<0.01). It was concluded that use of titanium dioxide nanoparticles as spraying under water deficit stress has incremental effect on plant growth characteristics of thyme but had no effect on essential oil components.
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_118140_d5e940d37e9a4769bcb79172694f044c.pdf
2018-09-01
125
133
10.22092/jmpb.2018.118140
Thymus vulgaris
Titanium dioxide
Water stress
essential oil
Bahman
Fazeli-Nasab
bfazeli@uoz.ac.ir
1
Research Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Agricultural Research Institute, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ali-Reza
Sirousmehr
2
Department of Agronomy, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
AUTHOR
Hamide
Azad
3
Department of Agronomy, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran
AUTHOR
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57
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effects of Silicon and AgNO3 Elicitors on Biochemical Traits and Antioxidant Enzymes Activity of Henbane (Hyoscyamus reticulatus L.) Hairy Roots
Lattice henbane (Hyoscyamus reticulatus L.) is an herbaceous, biennial plant belonging to Solanaceae family. H. reticulatus hairy roots were established from two-week-old leaves infected by A7 strain of Agrobacterium rhizogenes on solid Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. In this study, abiotic elicitors including; Sodium silicate (Na2SiO3) with different concentrations (0, 1, 5 and 7 mM) and silver nitrate (AgNO3) concentrations (0, 0.5, 1 and 2 mM) were added to hairy roots culture media. The results showed that, Na2SiO3 and AgNO3 significantly affected hairy roots fresh weight after 24h. Also, the highest hairy root fresh weight was observed in the control, and with broadening elicitor concentrations, fresh weight was decreased in both treated hairy roots with AgNO3 and Na2SiO3 but the effect of exposure duration was not significant. Biochemical analysis showed that total antioxidant activity (TAA), total phenol (TP), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and Guaiacolperoxidase (GPX) activities were enhanced in elicitated hairy roots compared to non elicitated hairy roots. The highest CAT, APX and GPX activities were observed in hairy roots treated with 7mM Na2SiO3 and 2mM AgNO3. Our results suggest that, Na2SiO3 and AgNO3 can stimulate the antioxidant defense systems and protect the plants from subsequent stresses.
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_118141_7db17ace0567dd32a7141c33d7ad533c.pdf
2018-09-01
135
144
10.22092/jmpb.2018.118141
Agrobacterium rhizogenes
Hyoscyamus
Abiotic stresses
Total antioxidant
Behnam
Gheisary
1
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
AUTHOR
Bahman
Hosseini
b.hosseini@urmia.ac.ir
2
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Hamid
Hassanpour
3
Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
AUTHOR
Amir
Rahimi
emir10347@gmail.com
4
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
AUTHOR
1. Deivis TH. Flora of Turkey. Edinburg, University Press, 1978.
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33
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Potential Protective Effect of Pretreatment with Caraway Essential Oil in vivo Model of Iron Nanoparticle-induced Liver Injury
Recently, there has been a great deal of interest in the use of the medicinal plants with high antioxidant compounds for curing liver injuries induced by hepatoxcitic agents. This study was to assess the protective effect of Carum carvi L. essential oil (E.O) on the hepatoxitic rats induced by overdose of iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs). The rats were distributed to 4 groups. In negative control group (NC), the rats received normal saline and DMSO daily for 3 days. In control group (C), iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe2O3) (200 mg/kg b.w) was injected daily for 3 days. In the treatment groups, iron oxide nanoparticles plus E.O at 100 & 200 mg/kg b.w were injected daily for 3 days. In following, cytochrome P450 (CYP450), glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione (GSH), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alanine transaminase (ALT) were estimated at 72 h after NP-treatment. The administration of the E.O could return considerably the decrease of the GST and GSH levels as well as the increase of the level of AST induced by iron oxide NPs. These results are in agreement with histopathological results. The data indicated that E.O provided an efficient prevention against iron oxide NPs-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_118142_a5faecc85c4b1c0f449adbabfe34b1dc.pdf
2018-09-01
145
152
10.22092/jmpb.2018.118142
Carum carvi
essential oil
Iron oxide nanoparticles
Liver enzymes
Detoxification enzymes
Hepatotoxicity
Abolfazl
Dadkhah
dadkhah_bio@yahoo.com
1
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Faezeh
Fatemi
2
Materials and Nuclear Fuel Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Reza
Mohammadi Malayeri
3
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Garmsar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar-Iran.
AUTHOR
Fatemeh
Torabi
4
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, I.R. Iran
AUTHOR
Mostafa
Sarbazi
5
Graduated Student, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Garmsar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar-Iran
AUTHOR
Salome
Dini
6
Young Researchers and Elite Club, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
AUTHOR
1. Pandit A, Sachdeva T, Bafna P. Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity: A Review. J Appl Pharm Sci. 2012;2: 233-243.
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3. Babadi VY, Najafi L, Najafi A, Gholami H, Beigi Zarji ME, Golzadeh J. Evaluation of iron oxide nanoparticles effects on tissue and enzymes of liver in rats. Elixir Appl Chem. 2013;55A:13226-13229.
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5. Najafzadeh H, Razi Jalali M, Morovvati H, Taravati F. Comparison of the Prophylactic Effect of Silymarin and Deferoxamine on Iron Overload-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rat. J Med Toxicol. 2010;6:22-26.
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34. Dadkhah A, Fatemi F, Ababzadeh S, Roshanaei K, Alipour M, Sadegh Tabrizi B. Potential preventive role of Iranian Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch essential oils in acetaminophen-induced hepa-totoxicity. Botanical Studies .2014c; 55: 37.
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35. Dadkhah A, Fatemi F, Eslami Farsani M, Roshanaei K, Alipour M, et al. Hepatoprotective Effects of Iranian Hypericum scabrum Essential Oils Against Oxidative Stress Induced by Acetaminophen in Rats. Braz Arch Biol Technol. 2014d; 57:340-348.
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36. Attaran HA, Dini S, Fatemi F, Hesaraki S, Parhizkarie M, Dadkhaha A. Hepatoprotective Evaluation of Iranian Satureja Rechingeri Essential Oils against Oxidative Injuries Induced by Acetaminophen in Wistar Rats. Int. J. Rev. Life. Sci. 2015; 5:204-210.
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53
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Identification, Cloning and Structural Analysis of Major Genes from Portulaca oleracea L. Hairy Roots that Involved in the Biosynthesis of Dopamine
Dopamine is one of the important medications of Portulaca oleracea L. To optimize the production of dopamine, one of the methods is the identification and engineering of metabolite pathways. To investigate the tyrosine decarboxylase (TDC) and tyrosinase, which seem to be the most important genes in dopamine synthesis pathway, hairy roots were produced from Portulaca oleracea using Agrobacterium rhizogenes and total RNA was extracted from hairy roots. A cDNA library was synthesized using RT-PCR. Then, the twogenes were amplified, isolated and cloned in a pTG 19-T vector. Bioinformatics' databases were used to predict the details of the structural, functional and biological characteristic of these genes. Nucleotide sequence analysis revealed that the cloned cDNAs expressed TDC and tyrosinase, and contained a single open reading frame of 1800 bp and 1750 bp, respectively. TDC has the most similarity with TDC of Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh.,but tyrosinase has 98% similarity withtyrosinase of Agaricus bisporus. Because of More negatively charged amino acids the TDC has hydrophobic properties, therefore affinity and hydrophilic chromatography can be used for purification of TDC. But tyrosinase has hydrophilic properties and hydrophobicity chromatography can be used for its purification. There were two peroxisomal signal peptide (KLAKEFEQL) and (KIEGRPLHL) in the TDC and tyrosinase, respectively. Therefore, they are biologically active in the peroxisomes, and included in biosynthesis dopamine through the transformation of L-lysine to L-dopa and finally to the dopamine. In conclusion, increasing the expression of TDC and tyrosinase through the genetic engineering can increase dopamine production in the Portolaca.
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_118143_018e26f90de06471591a1a28d0fecec2.pdf
2018-09-01
153
162
10.22092/jmpb.2018.118143
Cloning
Portulaca oleracea
Sequence analysis
Tyrosinase
Tyrosine decarboxylase
Somayeh
Babashpour
1
Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran
AUTHOR
Khosro
Piri
kh_piri@basu.ac.ir
2
Department of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamadan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Haidar
Saify Nabiabad
3
Department of Medicinal Plant Production, Nahavand University, Nahavand, Iran
AUTHOR
Farzaneh
Sabouni
4
Department of Molecular Medicine, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
1. Li JWH, Vederas JC. Drug discovery and natural products: end of an era or an endless frontier? Sci. 2009; 325:161–5.
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2. Harvey AL. Natural products in drug discovery. Drug Discov Today. 2008;13:894–901.
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3. Bensaddek L, Villarreal ML and Fliniaux MA. Induction and Growth of Hairy Roots for the Production of Medicinal Compounds. Electronic J. Integrative Bio Sci.2008;1:2-9.
3
4. Julsing KM, Quax WJ and Kayser O. The Engineering of Medicinal Plants: Prospects and Limitations of Medicinal Plant Biotechnology. Medicinal Plant Biotechnology.Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH. 2008;1-8.
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5. Cragg GM and Newman DJ. Plants as Source of Anticancer Agents. J Ethnophar., 2005; 100: 72-79.
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6. Oliveira I, Valentão P, Lopes R, Andrade PB, Bento A and Pereira JA.“Phytochemical characterization and radical scavenging activity of Portulaca oleraceae L. leaves and stems,” Microchem J, 2009; 92:129–134.
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7. Dweck AC. Purslane (Portulaca oleracea)-the global panacea".Personal Care Magazine. 2001;2:7-15.
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8. Zhang C, Yan Q, Cheuk WK and Wu J. Enhancement of tanshinone production in Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy root culture by Ag+ elicitation and nutrient feeding. Planta Medica. 2004;70:147-151.
8
9. Akhonzadeh S. Encyclopedia of Iranian Medicinal Plants. Arjomand Press: Tehran, Iran. (in Persian). 2000.
9
10. El-Sayed MIK. Effects of Portulaca oleracea L. seeds in treatment of type-2 diabetes mellitus patients as adjunctive and alternative therapy. J Ethnopharmacol. 2011;137:643-651.
10
11. Moghadam YA, Piri KH, Bahramnejad B and Habibi P. Methyl Jasmonate and Salicylic acid effects on the dopamine production in hairy cultures of Portulaca oleracea (purslan). Bull. Env. Pharmacol. Life Sci. 2013;2: 89-94
11
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17
18. Babashpour S, Aminzadeh S, Farrokhi N, Karkhane A, Haghbeen K. Characterization of a chitinase (Chit62) from Serratia marcescens B4A and its efficacy as a bioshield against plant fungal pathogens. Biochemical Genetics. 2012; 50:722-735
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19. Stephen Stoker H. Organic and Biological Chemistry. Cengage Learning. 2015; p. 371. ISBN 978-1-305-68645-
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20. Haynie DT, Xue B. Superdomain in the protein structure hierarchy: the case of PTP-C2. Protein Sci. 2015;24: 874-82.
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22. Shirazi Z, Piri Kh., Mirzaie Asl A. and Hasanloo T. Glycyrrhizin and Isoliquiritigenin Production by Hairy Root Culture of Glycyrriz glabra. J Med Plants Res. 2012; 31: 4640-4646.
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23. De Backer D, Aldecoa C, Njimi H, Vincent JL.Dopamine versus norepinephrine in the treatment of septic shock: a meta-analysis. Critical Care Medicine. 2012; 40:725–30.
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24. Ahmadi Moghadam Y, Piri Kh, Bahramnejad B, Ghiasvand T. Dopamine Production in Hairy Root Cultures of Portulaca oleracea (Purslane) Using Agrobacterium rhizogenes. J Agr Sci Tech. 2014;16: 409-420.
24
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Seasonal Variations in Carnosic Acid Content of Rosemary Correlates with Anthocyanins and Soluble Sugars
Seasonal variations may influence the quality and quantity of biologically active ingredients in medicinal plants. Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) a member of the Lamiaceae family, contains valuable antioxidant, anticancer and antibacterial substances, including Carnosic acid (CA). Here, the fluctuations of important active compounds present in rosemary leaf extracts collected in Golestan, Iran were studied during the year of 2012-2013. Plant phenolics, flavonoids, ascorbates, anthocyanins and soluble sugars were analyzed spectrophotometrically, while CA content was measured by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The highest amounts of total flavonoids occurred in autumn; while CA, phenolics, ascorbic acids and soluble sugars were greatest in winter, probably due to regional high precipitation and subtle winters. Most of the above indicated active compounds were low in early summer. Furthermore, total anthocyanins and soluble sugars showed significant positive correlations with CA over the year. These data suggest that rosemary extracts from the collected leaves in winter contain greater amounts of biologically active compounds; and can be used for standardization of plant materials harvested throughout a year.
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_118144_32079e8c2a5f6d59593bf114a779f655.pdf
2018-09-01
163
171
10.22092/jmpb.2018.118144
Anthocyanin
Antioxidant activity
Carnosic acid
rosemary
Soluble sugars
Mojtaba
Hadi Soltanabad
1
Department of Biology, Faculty of sciences, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Bagher
Bagherieh-Najjar
mb.bagherieh@gu.ac.ir
2
Department of Biology, Faculty of sciences, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Manijeh
Mianabadi
3
Department of Biology, Faculty of sciences, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran
AUTHOR
1. Soni U, Brar S, Gauttam VK. Effect of seasonal variation on secondary metabolites of medicinal plants. Int. J. of Pharm. Sci & Res. 2015;6:3654-3662.
1
2. Lakusic D, Ristic M, Slavkovska V, Lakusic B. Seasonal variations in the composition of the essential oils of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L., Lamiaceae). Nat. Prod. Com. 2013;8:131-134.
2
3. Birtić S, Dussort P, Pierre FX, Bily AC, Roller M. Carnosic acid. Phytochem. 2015;115:9-19.
3
4. Tounekti T, Munné-Bosch S. Enhanced phenolic diterpenes antioxidant levels through non-transgenic approaches. Crit Rev in Plant Sci. 2012;31:505-519.
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5. Salminen JP, Roslin T, Karonen M, Sinkkonen J, Pihlaja K, Pulkkinen P. Seasonal variation in the content of hydrolyzable tannins, flavonoid glycosides, and proanthocyanidins in oak leaves. Jour. of Chem. Ecol. 2004;30:1693-1711.
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6. Burkey KO, Neufeld HS, Souza L, Chappelka AH, Davison AW. Seasonal profiles of leaf ascorbic acid content and redox state in ozone-sensitive wildflowers. Environ. Pollution. 2006;143:427-434.
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7. Kassim A, Poette J, Paterson A, Zait D, McCallum S, Woodhead M, Smith K, Hackett C, Graham J. Environmental and seasonal influences on red raspberry anthocyanin antioxidant contents and identification of quantitative traits loci (QTL). Mol. Nut. & Food Res. 2009;53:625-634.
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8. Wong B, Baggett K, Rye A. Seasonal patterns of reserve and soluble carbohydrates in mature sugar maple (Acer saccharum). Canadian J. of Botany2003;81:780-788.
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9. Luis JC, Johnson CB. Seasonal variations of rosmarinic and carnosic acids in rosemary extracts. Analysis of their in vitro antiradical activity. Span J. Agric. Res. 2005;3:106-112.
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10. Lemos MF, Lemos MF, Pacheco HP, Endringer DC, Scherer R. Seasonality modifies rosemary’s composition and biological activity. Ind. Crops and Prod. 2015;70:41-47.
10
11. Aires A, Fernandes C, Carvalho R, Bennett RN, Saavedra MJ, Rosa EAS. Seasonal Effects on Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity of Six Economically Important Brassica Vegetables. Molecules. 2011;16:6816-6832.
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15. Meda A, Lamien CE, Romito M, Millogo J, Nacoulma OG. Determination of the total phenolic, flavonoid and proline contents in Burkina Fasan honey, as well as their radical scavenging activity. Food Chem. 2005;91:571-577.
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16. Chang CC, Yang MH, Wen HM, Chern JC. Estimation of total flavonoid content in propolis by two complementary colorimetric methods. J Food & Drug Anal. 2002;10:178-182.
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17. De Pinto M, Francis D, De Gara L. The redox state of the ascorbate-dehydroascorbate pair as a specific sensor of cell division in tobacco BY-2 cells. Protoplasma. 1999;209:90-97.
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18. Mita S, Murano N, Akaike M, Nakamura K. Mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana with pleiotropic effects on the expression of the gene for β‐amylase and on the accumulation of anthocyanin that are inducible by sugars. The Plant J. 1997;11:841-851.
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19. Kochert G. Carbohydrate determination by the phenol-sulfuric acid method. Handbook of Phycological Methods. 1978;2:95-97.
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20. Hidalgo PJ, Ubera JL, Tena MT, Valcarcel M. Determination of the carnosic acid content in wild and cultivated Rosmarinus officinalis.J. Agric. Food Chem. 1998;46:2624-2627.
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21. Siatka T, Kasparova M. Seasonal variation in total phenolic and flavonoid contents and DPPH scavenging activity of Bellis perennis L. flowers. Molecules. 2010;15:9450-9461.
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23. Hussain AI, Anwar F, Sherazi STH, Przybylski R. Chemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of basil (Ocimumbasilicum) essential oils depends on seasonal variations. Food Chem. 2008;108:986-995.
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24. Sati P, Pandey A, Rawat S, Rani A. Phytochemicals and antioxidants in leaf extracts of Ginkgo biloba with reference to location, seasonal variation and solvent system. J Pharm Res. 2013;7:804-809.
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25. Anesini C, Ferraro GE, Filip F. Total polyphenol content and antioxidant capacity of commercially available tea (Camellia sinensis) in Argentina. J Agric Food Chem. 2008;56:9225-9229.
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26. Harbowy ME, Balentine DA. Tea chemistry. Crit Rev Plant Sci. 1997;16:415-480.
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27. Iftikhar A, A. MSA, Ashraf M, Hussain M, Ashraf MY. Seasonal variation in some medicinal and biochemical ingredients in Mentha longifolia. Pak. J Bot. 2011;43:69-77.
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28. Garmesh EV. Temperature controls a dependence of barley plant growth on mineral nutrition level. Russ. J. Plant Physiol. 2005;52:338-344.
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29. Teh CM, Mohamed AR. Roles of titanium dioxide and ion-doped titanium dioxide on photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants (phenolic compounds and dyes) in aqueous solutions: A review. J. of Alloys and Compounds.2011;509:1648-1660.
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30. Slimestad R, Verheul B. Review of Flavonoids and other phenolics from fruits of different tomato (LycopersicumesculentumMill) Cultivars. J Sci Food Agric 2009; 89:1255-1270.
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38
39. Wada M, Kido H, Ohyama K, Kishikawa N, Ohba Y, Kuroda N, Nakashima K. Evaluation of quenching effects of non-water-soluble and water-soluble rosemary extracts against active oxygen species by chemiluminescent assay. Food Chem. 2004;87:261-267.
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41
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Chamomile, Wild Mint and Oregano Herbal Extracts on Quality and Quantity of Eggs, Hatchability, and Some Other Parameters in Laying Japanese Quails
According to various reports of beneficial effects of medicinal plants on the performance of broiler chickens and less extensively studies in laying poultries, this study was conducted to find an appropriate and harmless feed additive to enhance the quality and quantity of poultry eggs. The effect of three herbal extracts on quantity and quality of eggs, blood parameters, hatchability, intestinal bacterial population, and intestinal morphology in laying Japanese quail were investigated. The study was applied with 64, ten-week old laying Japanese quails for 8 weeks. The experiment was a completely randomized design with 4 treatments, 4 replications and 4 birds per replicate (the ratio of male to female 1:3). Experimental treatments involved: Control, with no additive in drinking water; chamomile extract; wild mint extract; and oregano extract. Herbal extracts were added 1 mL/L drinking water. The three treatments showed no significant effect on productivity, egg mass, FCR, egg weight, feed intake and qualitative indices of eggs; however, the herbal extracts specially the chamomile extract reduced the cholesterol of eggs (P<0.05). Herbal extracts showed no significantly effects on the hatchability of fertile eggs. Oregano extract showed the best effect on reduction of the intestinal bacterial population and increase the villus height in ileum (P<0.05). Chamomile extract by reducing the yolk cholesterol can improve the egg market’s popularity, and oregano extract by reducing the number of pathogenic bacteria and improving the villus height in ileum can be considered as a beneficial and low-risk additive for laying poultries.
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_118145_8401cd3d4bd44fcdee432d4471f53780.pdf
2018-09-01
173
180
10.22092/jmpb.2018.118145
Herbal Extract
Yolk Cholesterol
Egg mass
FCR
Egg weight
Alireza
Behnamifar
1
Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
shaban
Rahimi
rahimi_s@modares.ac.ir
2
Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Mohammad Amir
Karimi Torshizi
karimitm@modares.ac.ir
3
Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Zahra
Mohammad Zade
4
Department of Poultry Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
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46
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Effect of Harvesting Time on Content and Chemical Composition of Essential Oil from Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl (Lamiaceae)
Stachys L. one of the biggest genus of the Lamiaceae family comprises about 200-300 species. In this research, aerial parts essential oil composition and content of Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl (Lamiaceae)at different stages (vegetative, full flowering and initial fruiting stages) is reported. The oils obtained by water distillation method (Clevenger apparatus) and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The results showed that the essential oils of S. lavandulifolia were affected by plant growth stages. The chemical composition varied in three harvesting times. It was found that the maximum obtained essential oil was in the flowering stage. Totally, 31 constituents with the range of 0.10 – 34.11% in the vegetative, 27 constituents with the range of 0.06 – 36.35% in the flowering stage and 27 compounds with the range of 0.06 – 37.2% in the initial fruiting stages were identified. The highest compounds were related to the vegetative stage (34 compounds) that representing 63.74% of oil. In this study, the highest amount of essential oil constituents in the vegetative stage belonged to germacren D (34.11%), n-decane (3.84%) and caryophyllene oxide (2.62%), in the flowering stage, germacren D (36.87%), borneol (4.3%), cis-thujone (4.24%), bicyclogermacrene (4.16%) & n-decane (3.88%) and in the stage of initial fruiting, germacren D (37.2%), borneol (4.76%), b-caryophyllene (4.20%), cis-thujone (4.16%) & bicyclogermacrene (3.99%).
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_118146_b1c34efd027c8e7e627e066cb30e7009.pdf
2018-09-01
181
187
10.22092/jmpb.2018.118146
Stachys lavandulifolia
Germacren D
essential oil
Fatemeh
Nejadhabibvash
f.nejadhabibvash@urmia.ac.ir
1
Department of Medicinal Plants, Higher Education Center Shahid Bakeri of Miandoab, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
AUTHOR
Mohammad Bagher
Rezaee
mrezaee@rifr-ac.ir
2
Department of Medicinal Plants, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultureal Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Abdolbaset
Mahmudi
fabdolbaset.mahmudi@yahoo.com
3
Department of Horticulture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
Kamkar
Jaimand
camcarjaimand@yahoo.com
4
Department of Medicinal Plants, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultureal Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
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20. Zawiślak G. The composition of essential Hyssop Oil depending on plant growth stage. Acta Sci Pol, Hortorum Cultus. 2013;12:161-170
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30. Soleimani Meimandi F, Vahabi MR, Fazilati M, Karimiyan V. Phytochemical of essential oil of Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl. collected from a natural habitat in western Isfahan, Iran. J Herbal Drugs. 2013;4:137-142.
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32. Shahnama M, Azami S, Mohammadhosseini M. Characterization of the Essential Oil and Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity of Methanolic Extract of Stachys lavandulifolia Vahl. Int J Curr Microb App Sci. 2015;4:275-283.
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43
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Ecological Properties of Medicinal Plant of Hymenocrater calycinus (Boiss.) Benth. in north- eastern Khorasan, Iran
Hymenocrater calycinus (Boiss.) Benth. is endemic to Iran and it is growing natural habitats in the north east of Iran. In traditional medicine, this plant use for flu treatment, diuretic, antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant. In order, this plant know ecological characteristic for introduce and dense cultivation on farm land and then use in medical industries. Such as this plant natural sites were controlled of destroying. This study was executed in rangeland of Bojnourd. In the site, the studies were climatically characteristic, stand type, co-dominant plant and vegetable variation, physical and chemical analyses of the soil. The results revealed that this species could be adapted for regions with semiarid- cold climate, annual rainfall average of 332 mm and annual temperature average of 9.82 c°. This species have dispersed in altitude 1400- 2500 m of sea level in mountainous areas. The Soils physical and chemical analyses showed that the soil is very shallow with sandy-loom texture, Ph= 7.79, Ec= 55.97 µs/cm and lime. Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that the variables of altitude, precipitation, saturation moisture percentage, pH, potassium, calcium and sand had significant correlations with the first axis and explained the 49.84% variation. For the second component, the percentage of organic matter and nitrogen were more important traits and explained the 27.94% variation. The stand type was Artemisia aucheri- Phlomis cancellata and the co-dominant plants were over 91 species. Average of canopy covers and density were 3.04% and 1778 shrubs in hectare respectively. The Results indicated that distribution pattern of H. calycinus is random in the region.
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_118147_b6570710dff26c5e37b8ded91a0f2555.pdf
2018-09-01
189
198
10.22092/jmpb.2018.118147
Hymenocrater calycinus
Autecology
rangeland
North Khorasan
Ali mohammad
Asaadi
am-asaadi@um.ac.ir
1
Faculty of Agriculture, Higher Education Complex of Shirvan, Iran.
LEAD_AUTHOR
Asghar
Khoshnod Yazdi
2
Faculty of Agriculture, Higher Education Complex of Shirvan, Iran.
AUTHOR
1. Joharchi MR, Amiri MS. Taxonomic evaluation of misidentification of crude herbal drugs marketed in Iran. Avicenna J. Phytomed. 2012;2:105–112.
1
2. Jamzad Z. A survey of Lamiaceae in the flora of Iran. Rostaniha, 2013;14:59-67.
2
3. Sabet Teimouri M, Koocheki A, Nassiri Mahallati M. Studding Arvane-Bezghi (Hymenocrater platystegius Rech.f.) Different Ecotypes at Natural Habitat in Khorasan Razavi Province: Principal Component Analysis. J Agroecology. 2016;8:17-32.
3
4. Mozaffarian V. A dictionary of Iranian plant names. Tehran, Iran: Farhang Mo’aser Publishers. 1996.
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5. Satil F, Unal M, Hopa E. Comparative morphological and anatomical studies of Hymenocrater bituminosus Fisch. & C.A.Mey. (Lamiaceae) inTurkey. Turk. J. Bot. 2007;31:269–275.
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6. Zaidi MA, Crow SA. Cytotoxicity of four medicinal plants of Pakistan. Pak J Bot. 2012;44:395–397.
6
7. Serpooshan F, Jamzad Z, Nejadsattari T, Mehregan I. Taxonomic significance of nutlet and leaf characters in Hymenocrater, Nepeta sect. Psilonepeta and Lophanthus (Nepetinae, Nepetoideae: Lamaceae). Iran J Bot. 2014;20:80–95.
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53
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The Effect of Rootstocks on the Peel Phenolic Compounds of Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu)
The aim of this study was to determine total flavonoids and individually flavanone glycosides as well as antioxidant capacity in peel of Satsuma mandarin(Citrus unshiu) on different rootstocks. On other hand, the purpose of this study was to identify the rootstock that could produce the highest amount of flavonoids.Total flavonoids content was measured using aluminum chloride colorimetric method, whereas Folin-Ciocalteau colorimetric method was used to determine the total phenols content. The antioxidant activities were evaluated using reducing scavenging assays of DPPH radicals. HPLC-PDA detection was used for the analysis of individual flavanone glycosides (narirutin, naringin and hesperidin).The results showed that, the highest individually flavanone glycosides (27.73 mg/g DW), total flavonoids (10.74 mg/g DW), total phenol (3.91 mg/g DW) and DPPH scavenging activity (60.00 mg/g DW) were in the peel of Satsuma mandarin grafting on the flying dragon rootstock. According to results, the amount of phenolic acids (0.36 mg/g DW) of Satsuma mandarin grafted on trifoliate orange was higher than those of other rootstocks. Among the flavonone glycosides, hesperidin was determined in the highest concentration in all investigated peels. The results of correlation showed that there were a high positive correlation between the amount of total flavonoids and total phenols. Results showed that rootstock had an important role in increasing of concentration flavonoids, as well as antioxidant capacity. Finally based on the obtained results it can be concluded that although the concentration of flavonoid compounds is strongly related to the genotype of fruit, it seems that rootstocks affect the amount of flavonoids in the fruit.
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_118148_6aed72694ea09e9cfc985f64aa563029.pdf
2018-09-01
199
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10.22092/jmpb.2018.118148
Citrus rootstocks
Phenolic compounds
Satsuma mandarin
Behzad
Babazadeh-Darjazi
babazadeh@riau.ac.ir
1
Department of Horticulture, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Kamkar
Jaimand
camcarjaimand@yahoo.com
2
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran
AUTHOR
1. FAO. Statistical Database. Available from <http://www.fao.org> Accessed 23 July 2016.
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32
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Capacity of Phenolic Compounds of Mango (Mangifera indica L.) Seed depending upon the Extraction Process
The extraction method is critical for the recovery of phenolic compounds. The main goal was to evaluate the effect of an extraction process from mango seed on their phenolic profile, antioxidant and antimicrobial capacities. Phenolic extraction was performed in different steps: maceration, alkaline hydrolysis, acid/alkaline hydrolysis, polar and non-polar fraction of an ethyl acetate separation.The macerated extract showed a higher variety of polyphenols from mango seed:gallic (138.36 µg/g dry weight), coumaric (65.36 µg/g), ferulic (1376.67 µg/g) , chlorogenic (57.75 µg/g) anddicaffeoylquinic (219.29 µg/g) acids, catechin (16.78 µg/g) and rutin (6678.62µg/g). In alkaline hydrolyzed extract most of these compounds were lost, ferulic acid decreased 1356.77 µg/g dw and gallic acid increased 1383.89 µg/g dw. Gallic and chlorogenic acids increased 165 and 969. 45 µg/g dw respectively in acid/alkaline hydrolyzed, 109.57 and 841.38 µg/g dw respectively in non-polar and 277.15 and 77.88 µg/g dw respectively in polar extracts related to the macerated extract. Rutin was found only in acid/hydrolyzed and non-polar extract in lesser amount (87.62 and 78.51 µg/g dw) compared to macerated extract. The content of phenolic compounds was higher for the macerated extract (phenols=484.42 mg GAE/g and flavonoids=86.59 mg QE/g) than for the other steps. Acid/alkaline hydrolysis increased the antioxidant activity (1787.67 μmol TE/g for DPPH and 3692.86 μmol TE/g for TEAC); while the alkaline hydrolysis increased the antimicrobial effectivity (MIC=2.5 mg/mL for bacteria and 0.5 mg/mL for yeast). Results indicate that the acid or alkaline hydrolysis yields a stronger antioxidant and antimicrobial extract.
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_118149_f3863865f4e13dcbad599216a4664c5e.pdf
2018-09-01
209
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10.22092/jmpb.2018.118149
Maceration
Alkaline hydrolysis
Acid hydrolysis
Phenolic compounds
Plant byproducts extracts
A. Thalia
Bernal-Mercado
thalia.bernalm@gmail.com
1
Centro de Investigacion en Alimentacion y Desarrollo, AC, Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas, No. 46. Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico (83000)
AUTHOR
Cristhian
Acevedo-Hernandez
2
Centro de Investigacion en Alimentacion y Desarrollo, AC, Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas, No. 46. Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico (83000)
AUTHOR
Brenda
A. Silva-Espinoza
3
Centro de Investigacion en Alimentacion y Desarrollo, AC, Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas, No. 46. Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico (83000)
AUTHOR
M. Reynaldo
Cruz-Valenzuela
4
Centro de Investigacion en Alimentacion y Desarrollo, AC, Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas, No. 46. Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico (83000)
AUTHOR
Gustavo
A. Gonzalez-Aguilar
5
Centro de Investigacion en Alimentacion y Desarrollo, AC, Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas, No. 46. Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico (83000)
AUTHOR
Filomena
Nazzaro
filomena.nazzaro@isa.cnr.it
6
ISA CNR, Institute Food Science, Via Roma 64, I-83100 Avellino, Italy
AUTHOR
Mohammed Wasim
Siddiqui
wasim_serene@yahoo.com
7
Department of Food Science and Post-Harvest Technology, Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar (813210) India
AUTHOR
J. Fernando
Ayala-Zavala
jayala@ciad.mx
8
Centro de Investigacion en Alimentacion y Desarrollo, AC, Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas, No. 46. Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico (83000)
LEAD_AUTHOR
Florinda
Fratianni
9
ISA CNR, Institute Food Science, Via Roma 64, I-83100 Avellino, Italy
AUTHOR
F. Javier
Vazquez-Armenta
10
Carretera Gustavo Enrique Astiazarán Rosas, No. 46. Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico (83000)
AUTHOR
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3. Vega-Vega V, Silva-Espinoza BA, Cruz-Valenzuela M R, Bernal-Mercado AT, Gonzalez-Aguilar G A, Ruíz-Cruz S, Moctezuma E, Siddiqui M W, Ayala-Zavala JF. Antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of byproduct extracts of mango fruit. J Appl Bot Food Qual. 2013;86:205-211.
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8. Vega-Vega V, Silva-Espinoza B A, Cruz-Valenzuela M R, Bernal-Mercado A T, González-Aguilar G A, Vargas-Arispuro I, Corrales-Maldonado C G, Ayala-Zavala J F. Antioxidant enrichment and antimicrobial protection of fresh-cut mango applying bioactive extracts from their seed by-products. Food and Nutrition Sciences. 2013;4: 197-203.
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9. Abdalla AEM, Darwish SM, Ayad EHE, El-Hamahmy R M. Egyptian mango by-product 1. Compositional quality of mango seed kernel. Food Chem. 2007;103:1134-1140.
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ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Photosynthesis and Antioxidative Systems of Andrographis paniculata as Affected by Compost Tea Rates
Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees is a medicinal herb in the family Acanthaceae. The leaves of the mature plant contain abundant diterpinoids of medicinal properties.The objectives of the present study were to investigate the impacts of compost tea rates on photosynthesis parameters and antioxidant reactions of A. paniculata. The plant was propagated using seed and planting in a polybag. After four weeks, the plant was transplanted into polybag sized 20 cm×25 cm. Compost tea was used at rates of (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100%). Treatments were arranged in randomized completely block design (RCBD) with three replicates. Before flowering stage, the plants were harvested. The results revealed that rates of compost tea significantly affected total dry weight, leaf area, chlorophyll, stomatal conductance, FRAP and total flavonoid contents (P≤0.01), while there were no significant difference on DPPH reduction, and total phenolic contents and photosynthetic rate. Soil amendment with compost tea gave a favorable effect on growth and improved soil pH and CEC. Total flavonoid was highly significantly differences among the treatments. The greatest TDW (26.15 g), FRAP (96.03% of inhibition) and flavonoid (1943.7 mg/g) were observed at the 70% rate of compost tea. The highest rates of compost tea (100%) significantly decreased the phenolic and flavonoid compounds. These results suggested that A. paniculata could reach high biomass and quality characteristics with 50 and 70% rate of compost tea. However, in general compost tea had a good potential to improve soil pH and increase plant growth and antioxidant contents.
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_118150_9ac87a152bd2fcb705c270983a711ee3.pdf
2018-09-01
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10.22092/jmpb.2018.118150
Andrographis paniculata
Antioxidant
Compost tea
Photosynthesis
Daryush
Talei
d.talei1348@gmail.com
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Medicinal Plants Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
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