Iranian Medicinal Plants Society
Journal of Medicinal plants and By-product
2322-1399
2588-3739
3
2
2014
09
01
Morphological Variations of Rosa damascena Mill. in Response to Nutrition of Some Macro- and Micronutrients
93
96
EN
Vahideh
Samadiyan-Sarbangholi
Young Researchers and Elites Club, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran
Bohloul
Abbaszadeh
0000-0002-1292-7415
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran
babaszadeh@rifr-ac.ir
Mohammad-Hoseyn
Lebaschy
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran
Seyed Reza
Tabaie-Aghdaie
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran
Masoumeh
Layegh-Haghighi
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran
10.22092/jmpb.2014.108720
Nutrition as an environmental factor has a special place in the growth, main and sub branches number of <em>Rosa damascena</em> Mill. and these morphological traits affected yield and flower number of the plant. So, this experiment was conducted in the Research Institute of Forest and Rangelands, Karaj, Iran, to evaluate the effect of macro- and micronutrients on the plant growth. A split plot design was conducted based on randomized complete block design with three replications. The main factor was combination of fertilizer in 5 levels: 1) N0, P0 & K0 kg/ha+manure 0 ton/ha, 2) N40, P40 & K0kg/ha+manure 15 ton/ha, 3) N40, P40 & K40kg/ha+ manure 15ton/ha, 4) N80, P80 & K40 kg/ha + manure 30ton/ha & 5) N120, P120 & K80kg/ha+manure 40ton/ha. The sub factor was micro nutrients intake of iron chelate in 3 levels (0,8 and 12 g). The analysis of variance showed that the main and sub factor effect were significantly different for all of measured traits (α≤0.01). Results indicated that the highest main branch (66.35cm) and sub branch (15.96 cm) growth belonged to treatment 2 and micronutrients intake of 0 g, respectively. Treatment 4×8g showed the highest main branches number (49.66 n/plant). The highest sub branch number with average value of 26.66n/plant was obtained in treatment 4×0g. According to positive correlation between bush height with yield and flower number per bush, treatment 2×12g could be used for increasing quality and quantity flower yield in <em>R. damascena</em>.
Rosa damascena,morphological traits,Iron chelate,NPK
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_108720.html
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_108720_bdbefe0437283bc737a5cd49bf55d775.pdf
Iranian Medicinal Plants Society
Journal of Medicinal plants and By-product
2322-1399
2588-3739
3
2
2014
09
01
Effect of Irrigation and Planting Date on the Selected Morphophenological and Quality Traits of Ajowan (Carum copticum BENTH. & HOOK.F.)
97
106
EN
Mohammadjavad
Seghatoleslami
Associate Professor of Crop Physiology, College of Agriculture, Birjand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Birjand, Iran
mjseghat@yahoo.com
Gholamreza
Mousavi
Assistant Professor of Crop Physiology, College of Agriculture, Birjand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Birjand, Iran
Hamidreza
Nassiri
Former M.Sc. Student of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Birjand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Birjand, Iran
10.22092/jmpb.2014.108721
In order to study the effects of irrigation and planting date on selected traits of ajowan (<em>Carum copticum </em>BENTH. & HOOK.F.) an experiment was conducted in two successive conducive seasons of 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 in Birjand. The experimental design was a split plot based on randomized complete block with three replications. In the present study, two irrigation treatments (irrigation termination with flowering onset and complete irrigation) and six planting dates (Dec 6<sup>th</sup>, Dec 21<sup>st</sup>, Jan 5<sup>th</sup>, Feb 29<sup>th</sup>, Mar 30<sup>th</sup> and Apr 30<sup>th</sup>) were considered as main plot and subplot, respectively. As results indicated, the drought stress significantly reduced seed and essential oil yield, but had a non significant effect on the germination percent. Moreover, there was a nil effect on the morphological characteristics of the plants. It was interesting to note that the late planting date caused seed yield, number of umbels per plant, number of umbellules per inflorescence, plant height, number of branches per plant, essential oil percentage and the length of the vegetative growth period to decrease, but there was nil effect on the essential oil yield and the germination percent. In fine, the results indicated that water stress not only caused the essential oil percent and plant performance to decrease, but also influenced early plantings to have more seed yield and essential oil percent.
seed yield,plant height,Umbel number,essential oil,Seed germination
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_108721.html
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_108721_7f24c1fef805e4bc4cc1a7b945ba8097.pdf
Iranian Medicinal Plants Society
Journal of Medicinal plants and By-product
2322-1399
2588-3739
3
2
2014
09
01
Effect of Drought Stress and its Interaction with Salicylic Acid on Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) Germination and Early Seedling Growth
107
116
EN
Rozita
Kabiri
PhD Student, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Iran
rozita_kabiri@yahoo.com
Ali
Hatami
Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Ilam University, Iran
Mehdi
Naghizadeh
Assistant Professor, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Iran
10.22092/jmpb.2014.108722
Environmental stress, particularly drought stress can play an important role in reducing plant growth especially during the germination stage in arid and semi-arid regions in Iran. For cultivation of medicinal plants in arid and semi-arid areas, the assessment of their tolerance is very important. In this research, in order to evaluate the effects of salicylic acid pretreatment on enhancement of seed germination and early seedling growth of <em>Foeniculum vulgare</em> <em>Mill</em>. <strong><em> </em></strong>under drought stress, a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design was employed. The factors were the combination of five levels of drought stress induced by poly ethylene glycol (0, -0.1, -0.2, -0.3 and -0.4 MPa) and five concentrations of salicylic acid (0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1 mM) with three replicates. The results indicated that an increase in drought stress reduced germination components such as germination percentage and rate, total biomass, seed vigor index, root length, root fresh and dry weight, shoot length, shoot fresh and dry weight and relative water content and increased electrolyte leakage and proline content. Salicylic acid improved germination; therefore, the average time necessary for germination decreased under drought conditions. The seeds treated by salicylic acid, produced a higher root and shoot length, root and shoot fresh and dry weight, total biomass and seed vigor index. Salicylic acid ameliorated the negative effects of drought stress on fennel germination and seedling's growth. Higher concentrations of salicylic acid were more effective than the lower ones. It seems that salicylic acid can enhance the tolerant ability of the seeds to germination under drought stress.
electrolyte leakage,Drought Stress,germination,Proline,salicylic acid
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_108722.html
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_108722_51542f4703c18da3359dfd2aee30e8ab.pdf
Iranian Medicinal Plants Society
Journal of Medicinal plants and By-product
2322-1399
2588-3739
3
2
2014
09
01
Effect of Different N Fertilizer Combinations and Irrigation Regimes on Concentration, Uptake and Efficiency of Major Nutrients in Plantago ovata
117
125
EN
Narges
Ghasemi Siani
Department of Agronomy, Shahrekord University, Iran
Seyfollah
Fallah
Department of Agronomy, Shahrekord University, Iran
falah1357@yahoo.com
Ali
Tadayyon
Department of Agronomy, Shahrekord University, Iran
10.22092/jmpb.2014.108723
In order to evaluate the response of major nutrients concentration, uptake and their efficiencies of isabgol (<em>Plantago ovata</em>) to N fertilizer combinations and irrigation regimes, a field experiment was conducted at the agricultural research farm of Shahrekord University, 2009. The experiment was arranged as split-plot, in randomized complete block design with three replications. The irrigation regimes (irrigation after 7, 14 and 21 days interval) were arranged as main plots and combination of different N fertilizers included control, urea fertilizer (UF), broiler litter (BL), UF+BL (3:1), UF+BL (1:1), UF+BL (1:3) as subplots. Results showed that the highest shoot dry weight and N uptake were achieved with 7 and 14 days irrigation regimes, respectively. There was no significant difference between 7 and 14 days irrigation regimes for shoot dry weight and N uptake. The greatest NAE, PAE and PPE were obtained with 14 days irrigation regimes. The highest shoot dry weight, N uptake, NAE, ANR and PAE were observed with UF+BL (1:1) as well as. UF+BL treatment led to increase NAE, ANR, PAE greater than solitary application of them. In conclusion, increase in N and P efficiency and dry matter associated with combined treatment (UF+Bl, 1:1) would help to minimize the use of synthetic mineral fertilizers and represents an environmentally and agronomically sound management strategy.
broiler litter,Irrigation,Isabgol,Nutrient,Urea fertilizer
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_108723.html
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_108723_ad7fe33a7dbd4c25e85e1b974e5a9c7b.pdf
Iranian Medicinal Plants Society
Journal of Medicinal plants and By-product
2322-1399
2588-3739
3
2
2014
09
01
Evaluation of Morphological Traits and Oil Contents of Achillea aucheri from Different Altitudes
127
131
EN
Abohassan
Farhang Sardrodi
Medicinal plants M Sc student, Department of Horticultural Sciences, University of Zanjan, Iran
Azizollah
Kheyri
0000-0002-5527-6544
Faculty Member of Department of Horticultural Sciences, University of Zanjan, Iran
kheiry@ut.ac.ir
Ali
Soleymani
Head of Department of Horticultural Sciences, University of Zanjan, Iran
Ramin
Zibaseresht
Faculty Member of Imam Khomeini University for Naval Sciences of Nushahr, Mazandaran, Iran
10.22092/jmpb.2014.108724
Yarrow (<em>Achillea </em>spp.) belonging to the family of Asteraceae with useful properties, such as anti-diaphoretic, anti-hemorrhagic, anti-inflammation, anti-biotic, anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, Carminative and anti-oxidant effects. The present investigation assessed the morphological diversity of <em>Achillea aucheri</em>, which is indigenous plant from Damavand mountain of Iran. The samples were collected from five heights of Damavand and the morphological traits were studied. For estimating the percentage of essential oil, aerial parts were collected and oil was isolated by hydro distillation using Clevenger-type apparatus. The results of present study demonstrated that the highest plant height, internodes, biomass and number of leaves per node obtained at lowest altitude (3900 meters from sea level). In addition, fresh weight and dry weight of plant had the highest amount in altitude of 3900 meter from sea level. But essential oil content increased from low altitude to high altitude from 0.681% to 0.954%. Also high altitude had high significantly differences on the essential oil content. It revealed that plants in lower altitudes produce more biomass than higher altitudes, but essential oil content of plants was more in higher altitudes. It seems that a part of photosynthetic energy of plants in higher altitudes expend to produce secondary metabolites especially essential oils to overcome stress and survival in inappropriate conditions.
Achillea aucheri,Morphology,essential oil content,Altitude,medicinal plant
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_108724.html
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_108724_ab41e9934d0fb645b917cf151f9e9762.pdf
Iranian Medicinal Plants Society
Journal of Medicinal plants and By-product
2322-1399
2588-3739
3
2
2014
09
01
The Effect of Foliar Application of Humic Acid and Nanofertilizer (Pharmks®) on Yield and Yield Components of Black Cumin (Nigella sativa L.)
133
140
EN
Zeinab
Safaei
MS student of Horticulture Department, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
zeynab.safaei313@gmail.com
Majid
Azizi
Professor of Horticulture Department, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
Gholamhossein
Davarynejad
Professor of Horticulture Department, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
Hossein
Aroiee
Associate of Horticulture Department, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
10.22092/jmpb.2014.108725
In a sustainable agriculture system, application of the fertilizers which are nature friendly and suitable for plants is essential. This becomes more important when dealing with medicinal plants. Therefore, a factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with three replications was set up in the 2012-2013 on <em>Nigella sativa</em> L. Treatments were nanofertilizer<strong> (</strong>Pharmks<sup>®</sup>) (at 2 levels 0, 1 ml/l) and humic acid (at 4 levels zero, 1, 3, 6 ml/l) which were applied at three time of plant growth. Results showed that different levels of humic acid imposed a significant effect on number of capsule per plant, number of seeds per capsule, seed weight, seed yield, biological yield and harvest index. But there were no significant effects on number of seeds per plant and weight of 1000 seed. The highest yield to levels 3, 6 ml/l humic acid treatments respectively. Nanofertilizer <strong>(</strong>Pharmks<sup>®</sup>) application significantly increased the yield and yield components of <em>N. sativa</em>. Combined treatment at various levels had significant effect on seed weight, seed yield, biological yield and harvest index respectively but had no significant effect on other traits. The lowest yield was detected at 1 ml/l humic acid and control treatments respectively. Generally, it seems that application of nanofertilizer <strong>(</strong>Pharmks<sup>®</sup>) and humic acid due to having nutritional ingredients and different physiological effects improves <em>N. sativa</em> performance and reduces environmental pollution and it could be used as a natural material to increase and stabilize field crop production.
humic acid,Nigella sativa,Yield and yield Components,Nano fertilizer (Pharmks®)
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_108725.html
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_108725_48c63238102aeccce65e6b9431e721fa.pdf
Iranian Medicinal Plants Society
Journal of Medicinal plants and By-product
2322-1399
2588-3739
3
2
2014
09
01
The Effect of Planting Time and Planting Density on Yield and Essential Oil of Satureja sahendica Bornm.
141
146
EN
Bohloul
Abbaszadeh
0000-0002-1292-7415
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran
babaszadeh@rifr-ac.ir
Fatemeh
Sefidkon
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran
Masoumeh
Layegh Haghighi
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran
Elaheh
Karegar Hajiabadi
Department of Horticulture, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
10.22092/jmpb.2014.108726
This experiment was conducted, to study the effect of planting time and planting density on savory (<em>Satureja sahendica </em>Bornm.) in 2012 in Alborz Research Station, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Karaj, Iran. The experiment was carried out in split plot in time in the form of a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The main plots were planting times in two levels (including fall and spring planting) and the sub plots were planting density in four levels (including 20×20, 40×40, 60×60 and 80×80 cm). The results indicated that planting time significantly affected the number of lateral branches on the main stem, the number of flowering branches, flowering shoot yield and essential oil yield, the number of tillers, plant height, single plant shoot yield and essential oil percentage. The effect of planting density had also significant differencein all measured traits except the plant height. Mean comparison of planting time showed that in all planting densities, fall planting was better than spring plantingin all traits. Mean comparison of planting densities indicated that the highest number of tillers (7.67), the number of flowering stems (6.5), single plant shoot yield (22.98 g/plant) and essential oil percentage (2.01%) were achieved in the lowest planting density (80×80 cm). However, the highest number of lateral branches (5.67), flowering shoot yield (1587.5 kg/ha) and essential oil yield (14.53 kg/ha) were achieved in the highest planting density (20×20 cm). The interaction of planting time × planting density significantly affected all measured traits except for the number of tillers and the number of flowering branches. The results of this experiment indicated that selection of suitable planting time and planting density is important to obtain high essential oil yield; fall planting × the highest density (20×20 cm) could produced an acceptable yield in Karaj climatic conditions.
essential oil,Planting density,Planting time,Satureja sahendica,yield
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_108726.html
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_108726_34a7c0b694438e3d579935ea7b1619c6.pdf
Iranian Medicinal Plants Society
Journal of Medicinal plants and By-product
2322-1399
2588-3739
3
2
2014
09
01
Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) Fungi on Essential Oil Content and Nutrients Uptake in Basil under Drought Stress
147
153
EN
Zahra
Aslani
Former M.Sc. Student of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
zaslani60@yahoo.com
Abbas
hassani
Associatet Professor of Horticultural Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
MirHassan
Rasouli-Sadaghiani
Associatet Professor of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
Behrooz
Esmailpour
Assistant Professor of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
Zohre
Rohi
Former M.Sc. Student of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
10.22092/jmpb.2014.108727
Study the effects of inoculation with two arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, Gm (<em>Glomus mosseae</em> T.H. Nicolson & Gerd.)Gerd & Trappe) and Gi (<em>Glomus intraradices </em>N.C. Schenck & G.S. Sm.) on the herb yield, essential oil (EO) content and nutrient acquisition of basil (<em>Ocimum basilicum</em> L.) under drought stress conditions,The experiment conducted with 9 treatments and 4 replications. Drought stress treatments were applied by increasing the irrigation intervals from 4 days to 8 and 12 days. The root colonization, dry matter yield, oil content, oil yield and nutrients uptake decreased as the irrigation intervals increased. The AM fungi inoculation significantly increased the dry matter yield, oil content, oil yield and uptake of N, K, Zn, Fe and Cu as compared to Nm (non-mycorrhizal) plants in both well-watered and drought stressed condition. Analysis of essential oil by GC and GC/MS showed that Linalool, (E)-β-ocimene, eugenol and (Z, E)-farnesol, main components of oil, had no significant variation by drought stress or AM fungi inoculation. The effect of AM fungi inoculation on herb yield, oil content, oil yield and nutrient acquisition was more significant with <em>G. mosseae </em>than <em>G. intraradices</em>. Results suggest that inoculation of AM fungi could be a feasible procedure to increase growth, yield and essential oil production under water deficit conditions.
Arbuscular mycorrhiza,Ocimum basilicum,Root colonization,essential oil
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_108727.html
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_108727_f3790a5a3fa554a44ea67928e5403deb.pdf
Iranian Medicinal Plants Society
Journal of Medicinal plants and By-product
2322-1399
2588-3739
3
2
2014
09
01
Hairy Roots Formation in Four Solanaceae Species by Different Strains of Agrobacterium rhizogenes
155
160
EN
Zahra
Shakeran
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technologies, University of Isfahan, 81746-73441, Isfahan, Iran
Mehrnaz
Keyhanfar
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Sciences and Technologies, University of Isfahan, 81746-73441, Isfahan, Iran
m.keyhanfar@ast.ui.ac.ir
Gholamreza
Asghari
Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
10.22092/jmpb.2014.108728
Plants are the important sources of drugs. Secondary metabolites are responsible for therapeutic propertiesin plants. Three compounds including (-)-hyoscyamine, its racemate atropine, and scopolamine (hyoscine) are the most famous tropane alkaloids in the <em>Solanaceae</em> familly. Nowadays, attempts to developthese alkaloids in biotechnological procedures which are principally based on the hairy root cultures using <em>Agrobacterium rhizogenes.</em> In the present study, we showed the percent of induced hairy roots percent in the leaf and root explants of four plants from the <em>Solanaceae</em> family (<em>Atropa belladonna </em>L<em>., Hyoscyamus niger </em>L<em>., Datura stramonium </em>L<em>. and Datura metel</em> L.), that infected with the six strains of <em>Agrobacterium rhizogenes</em> (A4, A7, Ar15834, Ar9534, Ar9402, and Ar318). Hairy roots were appeared from the leaf and roots explants on ½MS medium culture. The presence of T-DNA in the supposedly transformal lines was shown by PCR. The highest transformation yield of 93% was accomplished using leaf explants of <em>D. metel</em> infected by AR15834 and A4 strains. One fastest growing clone of transforming <em>D. metel</em> roots line (induced by AR15834)was selected and the biomass of hairy and natural roots were measured and compared after 0, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 days. The results showed that, the fresh and dry weight of hairy roots was 4.44 and 4.92 times higher than the weights of non-transformed roots respectively after 8- 10 days. These roots are hormone-autotrophic and have the great lateral branches. Therefore, the hairy roots of <em>D. metel</em> and <em>D. stramonium</em> can be used to increase tropane alkaloids production yield in the pharmaceutical industry.
hairy root,Agrobacterium rhizogene,Solanaceae,tropane alkaloids
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_108728.html
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_108728_8a023be30cb584e71f7865f50e7fae0b.pdf
Iranian Medicinal Plants Society
Journal of Medicinal plants and By-product
2322-1399
2588-3739
3
2
2014
09
01
Effect of Magnetic Salinated Water on some Morphological and Biochemical Characteristics of Artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) Leaves
161
170
EN
Aminallah
Bagherifard
Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of plant production, Gorgan University, Gorgan , Iran
aminbagherifard@yahoo.com
Azim
Ghasemnezhad
Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of plant production, Gorgan University, Gorgan , Iran
aghasemnajad@hotmail.com
10.22092/jmpb.2014.108729
Plants for optimal growth requires absorb water and nutrients absorption from the soil. Magnetic Water downward movement of minerals and makes it easy for plants to absorb nutrients and water. This study was designed to investigate the effect of magnetic salt water on some quantity and quality characteristics of artichoke leaves. The experiment was factorial based on completely randomized design with four levels of magnetic field [0, 3000, 6000 and 10000 gauss] and four levels of salinity [0 , 3, 6 and 12 ds/m sodium chloride]. Results showed that the magnified water affected plant growth parameters. Fresh and dry weight of leaves and roots of plants increased as irrigated by magnified water. A significant interaction of salinity and magnetism was observed on mentioned parameters.Salinity and electromagnetic had significant effects on the most measured biochemical parameters. The highest amounts of phenolic and flavonoid contents were observed in the plants treated with magnified and saline water at medium level. The maximum antioxidant activity was observed in plant grown under 6 ds/m salinity. The highest and lowest amount s of chlorogenic acid was observed in plants irrigated with 6 ds/m saline water in which magnified fewer than 3000 gauss. The highest amount of caffeic acid [0/0044 mg/g] was recorded under 6 ds/m salinity and 3000 gauss electromagnetic conditions. Based on the results, it can be stated that the magnification increases efficiency of salty water and improve the performance and quality of the artichoke leaves.
Artichokes,Gauss,Electromagnetic field,Magnified water
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_108729.html
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_108729_04fd8c6e5a83e84fa73c47c6c9b49793.pdf
Iranian Medicinal Plants Society
Journal of Medicinal plants and By-product
2322-1399
2588-3739
3
2
2014
09
01
Essential oil Analysis of Fresh Aerial part of Iranian Ocimum sanctum L. by Hydro & Steam Distillation
171
175
EN
Fatemeh
HeroAbadi
Pharmaceutical Science Branch , Islamic Azad University, Tehran , Iran
Nasim
Milani Kalkhorani
Department of chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University South Tehran branch, Tehran ,Iran
n_milani@azad.ac.ir
Mohammad Bagher
Rezaee
Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran, Iran
mrezaee@rifr-ac.ir
10.22092/jmpb.2014.108730
The genus <em>Ocimum</em> L. belonging to family of Lamiaceae is widely distributed in Iran, <em>Ocimum sanctum</em> L. is described in many medicinal properties and a wide therapeutic range. It is used specially in the management of cough, ashtma, fever and common cold. In this research, samples were collected from Shahr-e-Rey, on August 2013, then essential oils were extracted by hydro-distillation and steam distillation methods, and their chemical composition were investigated by GC/MS. Main components obtained from hydro-distillation were methyl chavicol (26.86%) , linalool (17.76%), epi- α-cadinol (13.12%) in flowers and methyl chavicol (27.64%) , epi- α-cadinol (11.5%) in leaves, and also main components obtained from steam distillation were methyl chavicol (25.2%) , linalool (17.65%), germacrene D (6.87%) in flowers and methyl chavicol (38.96%), linalool (12.13%) in leaves, respectively. Methyl chavicol was the main constituent in all essential oils.
Essential oils,Ocimum sanctum L,Steam distillation,hydro-distillation
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_108730.html
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_108730_8c587aef36e4ac1e2ff954323b66c58d.pdf
Iranian Medicinal Plants Society
Journal of Medicinal plants and By-product
2322-1399
2588-3739
3
2
2014
09
01
Synergistic Effect of Zataria multiflora Boiss. and Bunium persicum (Boiss.) B. Fedtsch. Essential Oils on Linseed Oil Oxidative Stability
177
185
EN
Milad
Zangiabadi
Department of Food Science and Technology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
Mohammad Ali
Sahari
Department of Food Science and Technology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
sahari@modares.ac.ir
Mohsen
Barzegar
Department of Food Science and Technology, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
mbb@tmu.ac.ir
10.22092/jmpb.2014.108731
We studied the antioxidant activities of the essential oils<em> of Zataria multiflora</em> Boiss. (ZEO) and <em>Bunium persicum</em> (Boiss.) B. Fedtsch (BEO) in mixed form on linseed oil using (DPPH<sup>•</sup>), (ABTS<sup>•+</sup>), H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2 </sub>scavenging, and reducing power assays. After calculation of IC<sub>50 </sub>for ZEO and BEO separately, interactions of the essential oils were investigated at the form of mixture and the results were given in isobologram. The interactions between antioxidant effects of ZEO, BEO, TBHQ, and α-tocopherol; and isobologram results showed synergistic effect for DPPH<sup>•</sup> except for BEO with TBHQ and α-tocopherol (1:1) and for ABTS<sup>•+</sup> in ZEO with TBHQ (1:1). However, we could not find any synergistic effect for H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2 </sub>scavenging and reducing power assays in any of the interactions. Statistical results showed that the best antioxidant levels of reductive oxidation were 600 ppm for ZEO and BEO, and 20 ppm for TBHQ in mixed form in linseed oil.
Bunium persicum essential oil,Isobologram,Linseed oil,Synergism,Zataria multiflora essential oil
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_108731.html
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_108731_620e767c46522f41a804e9d94bf9f590.pdf
Iranian Medicinal Plants Society
Journal of Medicinal plants and By-product
2322-1399
2588-3739
3
2
2014
09
01
Study of Essential Oils Compositions of Three Species of Medicinal Plants from ShirKooh Mountain (Up village) on Yazd Province
187
191
EN
Sayyed Mostafa
Goldansaz
Department of Natural Resource, Sari University of Agriculture Sciences and Natural Resources and Iranian Medicinal Plant Society, Iran
mostafagoldansaz@yahoo.com
Mohammad-Bagher
Rezaee
Research institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran , Iran
mb.rezaee@gmail.com
Kamkar
Jaimand
0000-0001-6519-7420
Research institute of Forests and Rangelands, Tehran , Iran
camcarjaimand@yahoo.com
Ali
Mirhoseini
Research Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Yazd, Iran
10.22092/jmpb.2014.108732
In order to investigate the medicinal species from montain of ShirKooh (Up village), in Yazd provience, Iran on three species by scientific names were <em>Heracleum persicum</em> Desf. ex Fisch., C.A.Mey. & Avé-Lall.; <em>Ziziphora clinopodioides</em> Lam. and <em>Nepeta asterotricha</em> Rech.f. were collected on June, July and August 2011. Then all samples essential oils were extracted by hydro-distillation method (clavenger types). Then were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. The essential oil yield was<em> H. persicum </em>(2.5%); <em>Z. clinopodioides</em> (1.5%) and <em>N. asterotricha</em> (1.8%), respectively. Major component identificated in <em>H. persicum </em>were; trans-carveol 38.7%, α-terpineol 23.8% and isobornyl formate 9.2%, <em>Z. clinopodioides</em> were carvacrol 52.7%, linalool 15.9% and menthol 14% and <em>N. asterotricha</em> were terpinolene 21.2% , n-dodecanol 18.6% and n-undecane 12%, respectively. In <em>H. persicum </em>with trans-carveol (38.7%), which can use as stimulates central nervous system, allergenic, and in <em>Z. clinopodioides </em>with major compound carvacrol (52.7%), which can use as a Anesthetic, kills and expels worms, may help prevent alzheimer's disease, antiinflammatory, antioxidant, antiplaque, antiseptic, bactericide, relieves flatulence, relaxes intestines, expectorant, prostaglandin-inhibitor, relaxes trachea. Can cause spasms, and also in <em>N. asterotricha</em> with major compound of terpinolene (21.2%), which can use as a Deodorant.
Essential oils, Heracleum persicum,Ziziphora clinopodioides, Nepeta asterotricha, Chromatograms, GC, GC/MS
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_108732.html
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_108732_9d144b1616bd070627e0041d70d5c68d.pdf
Iranian Medicinal Plants Society
Journal of Medicinal plants and By-product
2322-1399
2588-3739
3
2
2014
09
01
Study of the Chemical Composition of Essential Oil of Teucrium chamaedrys at the Different distillation in Mazandaran Province
193
198
EN
Kamkar
Jaimand
0000-0001-6519-7420
Phytochemistry Group, Department of Medicinal Plants & By-products, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, P.O. Box 13185, Tehran, Iran
jaimand@rifr-ac.ir
Sedigheh
Kolbady Nejad
M.Sc. Student of Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
Azam
Monfared
Academic member of Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
Mohammad
Akbarzadeh
Mazanderan Research Center for Agriculture and Natural Resources, Mazanderan, Iran
10.22092/jmpb.2014.108733
The composition of the essential oils of <em>Teucrium chamaedrys</em> L. belongs to the family Lamiaceae, It is growing wild in the margin of mountainous roads of arid and cold climate of north Iran. In this research, essential oils of<em> T. chamaedrys</em>, extracted and measured at the different location by different methods of distillationand then were analyzed by GC and GC/MS. Investigation and comparison on essential oil constituents of herbs were collected from three localities (Chalus, Galoogah and Gadook). The essential oil yield at the different location from Chalus by water distillation (Clevenger) were (0.06%), and by water & steam distillation (Kyzer & Long) were (0.28%), and by steam distillation were (0.04%), the essential oil yield at the different location from Galoogah by water distillation (Clevenger) were (0.06%), and by water & steam distillation (Kyzer & Long) were (0.05%), and by steam distillation were (0.09%), the essential oil yield at the different location from Gadook by water distillation (Clevenger) were (0.2%), and by water & steam distillation (Kyzer & Long) were (0.16%), and by steam distillation were (0.08%), respectively. Major component identificated in sample from Chalus by water distillation (Clevenger) were α- cadinene (15.4%), Z- β-farnesene (9.6%),1-eicosene (8.2%), and by water & steam distillation (Kyzer & Long) were 1-eicosene (12.8%), α- cadinene (6.3%), benzyl salicylate (5.9%), and by steam distillation were cis-3-hexenyl benzoate (10.9%), (E,Z)-farnesol (10.3%), benzyl salicylate (8.3%). Major component identificated in sample from Galoogah by water distillation (Clevenger) were E- α-farnesene (22.9%), α- calacorene (20.2%), α- murrolene (8.0%), and by water & steam distillation (Kyzer & Long) were α- cadinene (30%), E-β- caryophyllene (23.5%), E- α-farnesene (7.2%), and by steam distillation were E- α-farnesene (18.4%), 1-eicosene (15.2%), benzyl salicylate (10%).Major component identificated in sample from Gadook by water distillation (Clevenger) were α- murrolene (12%), cis-3-hexenyl benzoate (11.3%), methyl decanoate (8.9%), and by water & steam distillation (Kyzer & Long) were α- murrolene (8.7%), n- heptadecane (7.9%), cis-3-hexenyl benzoate (7.2%), and by steam distillation were α- murrolene (14.4%), cis-3-hexenyl benzoate (11.3%), E- α-farnesene (9.6%), respectively.
essential oil,Teucrium chamaedrys L,Flowering stage and vegetative stage,GC and GC/MS
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_108733.html
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_108733_4b8e41930048e383d255e39af37d02c3.pdf
Iranian Medicinal Plants Society
Journal of Medicinal plants and By-product
2322-1399
2588-3739
3
2
2014
09
01
Optimization of In vitro Propagation of Qare-Qat (Vaccinium arctostaphylus)
199
205
EN
Thahereh
Hassanloo
Department of Molecular Physiology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), P.O. Box 31535-1897, Karaj, Iran
thasanloo@abrii.ac.ir
Maryam
Jafarkhani Kermani
Department of Tissue Culture and Gene Transformation, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Karaj, Iran
Mahsa
Malmir Chegini
Department of Horticulture, Agriculture and Natural Resources Faculty, Islamic Azad University-Karaj Branch, Karaj, Iran
Roshanak
Sepehrifar
Department of Molecular Physiology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), P.O. Box 31535-1897, Karaj, Iran
Sepehr
Mohajeri Naraghi
Department of Molecular Physiology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), P.O. Box 31535-1897, Karaj, Iran
Seied Mehdy
Miri
Department of Horticulture, Agriculture and Natural Resources Faculty, Islamic Azad University-Karaj Branch, Karaj, Iran
10.22092/jmpb.2014.108734
In order to optimize the micropropagation of Qare-Qat (<em>Vaccinium arctostaphylus </em>J.J.Sm), samples were collected from two regions of Iran (Asalem and Kelardasht). Anderson (AN) media containing different concentrations of zeatin (0, 0.5, 1, 2 and 4 mg L<sup>-1</sup>) and different levels of pH (4.5, 5 and 5.5) were compared. The <em>in vitro</em> shoots were transferred on AN media supplemented with zeatin (1 and 2 mg L<sup>-1</sup>) alone or in combination with Indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) (0.2 and 0.4 mg L<sup>-1</sup>). To optimize the rooting stage, elongated shoots (1.5- 2cm) were cultured on half strength semi- solid media containing activated charcoal (0 and 7 g L<sup>-1</sup>),or half strength liquid AN medium supplemented with different concentrations of IBA (0, 0.5, 2 and 3 mg L<sup>-1</sup>) and NAA (0 and 0.5 mg L<sup>-1</sup>). The results indicated that at the establishment stage AN media supplemented with 4 mg L<sup>-1</sup> zeatin (pH= 5.5) and 1 mg L<sup>-1</sup> zeatin (pH= 5) were the best treatment for Asalem and Kelardasht explants, respectively. For the Asalem explants, the highest number of proliferated shoots (4) was observed on AN media consisting of 2 mg L<sup>-1 </sup>zeatin and 0.4 mg L<sup>-1</sup> IBA. Whereas for the Kelardash explants the highest number of proliferated shoots (3) was observed on AN media consisting of 2 mg L<sup>-1 </sup>zeatin and 0.2 mg L<sup>-1</sup> IBA. The highest percent of root formation (86 and 66%) were observed in half strength AN medium containing of 7 g L<sup>-1</sup> activated charcoal and 3 mg L<sup>-1</sup> IBA and 0.5 mg L<sup>-1</sup> NAA in Asalem and Kelardasht explants, respectively. The plantlets were successfully transferred to soil and the survival rate was 85%.
Medicinal plants,Micropropagation,in vitro,growth regulators,Vaccinium arctostaphylus
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_108734.html
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_108734_828fd2857a7b7b4788487da60b5d9723.pdf
Iranian Medicinal Plants Society
Journal of Medicinal plants and By-product
2322-1399
2588-3739
3
2
2014
09
01
Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of Cuminum cyminum L. Seeds from Western India
207
210
EN
Virendra S.
Rana
Directorate of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research (ICAR), Boriavi-387 310, Anand, Gujarat, India
ranavs2000@yahoo.com
10.22092/jmpb.2014.108735
The essential oil from the seeds of <em>Cuminum cyminum</em> L. was isolated by hydrodistillation method and the chemical composition was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The yield of the oil was found to be 3.0% (on dry weight basis). A total of twenty six components, representing 96.7% of the oil were identified. Cuminaldehyde (49.4%), <em>p</em>-cymene (17.4%), b-pinene (6.3%), a-terpinen-7-al (6.8%), g-terpinene (6.1%), p-cymen-7-ol (4.6%) and thymol (2.8%) were the major components in the oil.
Cuminum cyminum L,Apiaceae,Spice,essential oil,Cuminaldehyde
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_108735.html
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_108735_c825aca95438bb676cf002ab2b9e7955.pdf
Iranian Medicinal Plants Society
Journal of Medicinal plants and By-product
2322-1399
2588-3739
3
2
2014
09
01
Application of Embryo Rescue Technique in Juglans regia L. x J. nigra L. Hybridization
211
214
EN
Ali
Jafari-Mofidabadi
Golestan Research Center of Agriculture and Natural Resources, P.O Box 4915677555 Gorgan, Iran
jafarimofidabadi@gmail.com
10.22092/jmpb.2014.108736
Embryo culture were used to produce inter specific walnut hybrid plants between <em>Juglans nigra </em>L. and <em>J. regia</em> L. Developed ovaries were collected from <em>J. rejia</em> female flowers which were pollinated with <em>J. nigra</em> pollen grain by high dusting on a mature tree. In order to isolate embryos, exocarps were aseptically removed. Isolated embryos from ovules at different developmental stages were transferred to the different kind of growth-regulators hormone free media (MS, Half-MS, MS and Half-MS supplemented with 1 mg/l BA +0.1 mg/l NAA) for embryo development and germination. There was a significant difference between media for embryo germination α= 0.05 level. Highest percentage of embryo germination was observed in MS hormone free medium (13.7%). Because of long period required for embryo development, isolation of embryo less than 45 days old embryos were impractical. There were a highly significant difference between age of embryos for embryo germination α= 0.01 level. Embryo with more than 45 days old germinated and produced plants on all applied media. Highest germination rate were observed on cross-pollinated embryos which was isolated from 90 old ovaries. Before being transferred to the potting soil and green-house, plantlets sub cultured in the same medium within jars. Thirteen successful acclimatized plantlets were transferred to the field.
Juglans nigra,Juglans regia,In vitro hybridization,Embryo rescue,Embryo maturation
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_108736.html
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_108736_f0d2e77cd98a8e09c5c6fb5ec8e364cf.pdf
Iranian Medicinal Plants Society
Journal of Medicinal plants and By-product
2322-1399
2588-3739
3
2
2014
09
01
Antioxidant Activity and Chemical Composition of the Essential oil of Ducrosia anethifolia (DC.) Boiss. from Neyriz
215
218
EN
Javad
Mottaghipisheh
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan & Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
imanmottaghipisheh@yahoo.com
Malek Taher
Maghsoudlou
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan & Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
Jafar
Valizadeh
Medicinal and Ornamental Plants Research Institute, University of Sistan & Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
Rouhallah
Arjomandi
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Sistan & Baluchestan, Zahedan, Iran
10.22092/jmpb.2014.108737
<em>Ducrosia anethifolia</em> (DC.) Boiss. is belongs to the Apiaceae family. It is one of the three species of Iranian <em>Ducrosia</em> Boiss. species growing wild in several areas of the country. In this research, we extracted the essential oil and it analyzed by GC/MS. The analysis of essential oil from leaves of <em>D. anethifolia</em> about 19 constituents was identifed and percentage composition was determined (94.9%). The major constituents identified by this method were α-pinene (70.3%), β-myrcene (6.9%), β-pinene (6.3%), limonene (4.9%). So, extracts of this species extracted by maceration method and antioxidant activity evaluated by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH<sup>•</sup>). Results showed that antioxidant activity of <em>D. anethifolia</em> in ethanolic and ethyl acetate extracts are less than Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) as a synthetic antioxidant which used for positive control. Although, antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract is more than ethyl acetate extract, but inhibitory power of this extracts is low.
Ducrosia anethifolia (DC.) Boiss,essential oil,Antioxidant activity,DPPH,GC/MS,α-pinene
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_108737.html
https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_108737_6892c0484b1b0c038cd4fc70a21fc7a8.pdf