Iranian Medicinal Plants Society Journal of Medicinal plants and By-products 2322-1399 15 6 2026 11 01 The Therapeutic Potential of Propolis for Anxiety and Depression: A Systematic Review of Preclinical and Clinical Evidence 631 638 134809 10.22034/jmpb.2025.370460.2036 EN Hanieh Salehi-Pourmehr Research Center for Evidence-based Medicine, Iranian EBM Centre: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran ALi Bahadori Department of Medical Microbiology, Sarab Faculty of Medical Sciences, Sarab, Iran Javad Mahmoudi Neuroscience Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Morteza Akbari Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Alireza Bagherzadeh-karimi Research Center for Integrative Medicine in Aging, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Jafar Rahmani-Kahnamouei Department of Clinical Sciences, TaMS.C., Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran Mojtaba Ziaee Research Center for Integrative Medicine in Aging, Aging Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Research Center for Evidence-based Medicine, Iranian EBM Centre: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Medical Philosophy and History Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran Journal Article 2025 09 01 Anxiety and depression are highly prevalent neuropsychiatric disorders, often comorbid with chronic physical illnesses. Given the limitations of conventional treatments, there is growing interest in natural adjunctive therapies. Propolis, a resinous bee product enriched with flavonoids and phenolic acids, has emerged as a candidate due to its reported antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. This systematic review synthesizes the available evidence on the efficacy of propolis for symptoms of anxiety, depression, and stress. This review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA 2020 guidelines. A comprehensive search of PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar was performed from inception to June 2025. We included preclinical studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that assessed behavioral or clinical outcomes related to anxiety, depression, or stress following propolis administration. Fourteen studies (10 preclinical, 4 RCTs) were included. Preclinical studies (doses 10–200 mg/kg) consistently demonstrated anxiolytic, antidepressant, and anti-stress effects, associated with increased BDNF, reduced cortisol, and attenuated oxidative stress. In clinical trials (doses 500–1500 mg/day), propolis significantly reduced anxiety scores in three RCTs (e.g., a 59.8% reduction in menopausal women, p < 0.01) and depressive symptoms in two RCTs (e.g., a 54.2% reduction, p < 0.01). Stress-related outcomes were inconsistent. Proposed mechanisms include antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, neuroprotection, and gut-brain axis modulation. Current evidence indicates that propolis is a promising adjunctive intervention for anxiety and depression. However, clinical heterogeneity and limited data on stress outcomes necessitate further validation. Future research should prioritize standardized preparations, dose-response studies, and large-scale RCTs to firmly establish efficacy, safety, and mechanistic pathways.

https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_134809_9766414392ebc6a03650bd223452dca2.pdf

Iranian Medicinal Plants Society Journal of Medicinal plants and By-products 2322-1399 15 6 2026 11 01 The Anti-Cancer Arsenal of the Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.): A Review of Bioactive Pathways Across Various Organs 639 648 134839 10.22034/jmpb.2025.370069.2010 EN Mohammad Nabi Khorrami Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran Zeinab Toluei Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran Journal Article 2025 07 12 The utilization of natural plant compounds for medicinal applications plays a crucial role in cancer treatment. Cancer arises through various mechanisms, and the date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) is notable for its rich array of anticancer compounds found in different organs. This review evaluates the anticancer mechanisms of various organs of the date palm, emphasizing the contribution of their shared and unique compounds. This study, was extracted and reviewed all scientific books and articles related to the anticancer properties of date palm seeds, roots, hearts, leaves, inflorescences (spathe, flowers, and pollen), and fruits from online databases using specialized keywords from 1980 to 2025. The date palm minerals and bioactive compounds may not only aid in cancer prevention but also slow its progression, enhance the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents, and improve overall treatment outcomes. The bioactive components derived from the date palm exhibit significant abilities to inhibit cancer cell proliferation and induce apoptosis. Although previous research has largely studied the fruit, there is a growing need to study the bioactive compounds of other organs. Findings confirm that underrepresented organs offer potent anticancer bioactivities. Concentrating on optimizing these potent compounds, particularly from less-studied parts, may yield promising results. Future investigations should focus on isolating compounds from various date palm organs, which exhibit varied phytochemical profiles across cultivars. This approach may aid in harnessing the therapeutic potential of the date palm against cancer.

https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_134839_231c0b7c8bff6000d0097cd257a3101c.pdf

Iranian Medicinal Plants Society Journal of Medicinal plants and By-products 2322-1399 15 6 2026 11 01 Investigation of the Expression Pattern of Key Genes in the BiosyntheticPathway of Pinene and Limonene Metabolites in Different Juniperus L. Species from North Khorasan, Iran 649 658 135258 10.22034/jmpb.2026.371957.2130 EN Toktam Moradian Department of Horticultural Sciences, Shir.C., Islamic Azad University, Shirvan, Iran Ahmad Asgharzadeh Department of Horticultural Sciences, Shir.C., Islamic Azad University, Shirvan, Iran Maryam Tatari Department of Agriculture Science, Shir.C., Islamic Azad University, Shirvan, Iran Journal Article 2026 01 02 Medicinal plants play a crucial role in the biodiversity of many countries and are rich sources of secondary metabolites, forming the basis for numerous valuable pharmaceuticals. Although the biosynthesis of these compounds is under genetic control, it is profoundly influenced by environmental factors. In this study, the expression of key genes involved in the monoterpene biosynthetic pathway, including limonene synthase (lim), pinene synthase (pin), and ARM repeat proteins (arm), was investigated in three Juniperus species (Juniperus sabina, J. polycarpos, and J. communis) across two tissues (leaf and fruit). Field samples were collected from the Salouk region in North Khorasan province. Genes involved in the biosynthesis of the main metabolites were identified, and specific primers were designed. Subsequently, RNA extraction, cDNA synthesis, and PCR optimization were performed, and finally, gene expression was evaluated using the qRT-PCR method. The results showed that gene expression was significantly affected by both tissue type and plant species. Specifically, pin gene expression in fruit ranged from 0.0399 in J. communis to 0.152 in J. sabina, and in leaf from 0.0023 to 0.0093, indicating a substantial increase in expression in fruit compared to leaf. Furthermore, lim gene expression in fruit ranged from 0.0149 in J. communis to 0.0285 in J. sabina, and in leaf from 0.0019 to 0.0202, demonstrating increased expression in fruit across all species. Regarding the arm gene, expression in fruit was higher in J. communis and J. sabina compared to J. polycarpos, with expression values of approximately 0.0334 in J. communis fruit and 0.0324 in J. sabina fruit, while in leaf, values were similar to or lower than these amounts in other species. These results indicate that pin and lim genes exhibit the highest expression levels in fruit, and the arm gene displays differential expression patterns depending on the species and plant tissue.

https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_135258_aedea190f39c41a52005efb3509a541c.pdf

Iranian Medicinal Plants Society Journal of Medicinal plants and By-products 2322-1399 15 6 2026 11 01 Cytogenetic Diversity of Ferula assa-foetida L. populations from Fars Province 659 663 135472 10.22034/jmpb.2026.372127.2138 EN Somayeh Fekri Qomi Department of Horticultural Sciences, University Campus, Guilan University, Rasht, Iran; Research Institute of Forests and Rangeland, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran Amir Sahraroo Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran Razieh Azimi Research Institute of Forests and Rangeland, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran Yousef Mohammadi Research Institute of Forests and Rangeland, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2026 02 09 Ferula assa-foetida is one of the most important medicinal, rangeland and industrial plants that, in addition to its role in soil protection, produces oleo-gum with high medicinal and industrial value. The present study aimed to evaluate karyotypic variation and cytogenetic diversity among natural populations of F. assa-foetida. For karyological analysis, eight populations of F. assa-foetida were collected from Fars Province, Iran. The results showed that all populations were diploid (2n = 2x = 22), with a basic chromosomes number of x = 11. Despite the uniform chromosome number, significant differences were observed among populations in terms of karyotypic and chromosomal characteristics. Regarding chromosome length (CL), long arm length (L) and short arm length (S) populations F5 exhibited the largest chromosomes with the highest mean values, whereas population F2 showed the smallest chromosomes with the lowest mean values. Based on intrachromosomal asymmetry parameters, F5 displayed the most asymmetric karyotype with the highest mean A1 and the lowest TF% values, while F7 showed the most symmetric karyotype with the lowest mean A1 and the highest TF% values. In terms of interchromosomal asymmetry indices, the highest mean values of A2 and DRL were observed in F7, whereas the lowest values were recorded in F2. Most karyotypes were relatively symmetrical and classified within the 1A and 2A categories of Stebbins’ classification. Principal component analysis revealed that the first two components explained more than 96.3% of the total variation among populations. The first component was mainly associated with intrachromosomal symmetry parameters, whereas the second component was related to chromosome size and interchromosomal symmetry. Cluster analysis using the UPGMA method grouped the studied populations into two distinct clusters, indicating the presence of cytogenetic differentiation among populations. These results highlight that structural chromosomal variation, rather than changes in chromosome number, plays an important role in population differentiation of F. assa-foetida.

https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_135472_1bc9c88793038e30e101f92d4a336459.pdf

Iranian Medicinal Plants Society Journal of Medicinal plants and By-products 2322-1399 15 6 2026 11 01 Green Synthesis of Ion-Imprinted Polymers from Oak Gall Extract for Selective Removal of Chromium (III) Ions 664 670 135326 10.22034/jmpb.2026.370712.2051 EN Jabbar Ibrahim Ghulam Zarkoosh Department of chemistry, SR.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Fereshteh Nematollahi Department of chemistry, SR.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Kambiz Larijani Department of chemistry, SR.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2025 09 14 This study presents a new and eco-friendly approach to water purification through the development of ion-imprinted polymers (IIPs) enhanced with gold nanoparticles, synthesized using the tannin-rich extract of oak galls (Quercus infectoria) as both a natural reducing and stabilizing agent. By integrating biologically derived components with nanostructured materials, the proposed method enables the selective recognition and efficient removal of chromium (III) ions from aqueous solutions, offering a sustainable alternative to conventional synthetic polymer adsorbents and contributing to the advancement of green chemistry–based water treatment technologies. Oak gall extract, rich in tannins, was obtained using the Soxhlet method with a 70% ethanol: acetone solvent mixture. The presence of tannins was verified using the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The extract was used to synthesize gold nanoparticles, which were then integrated into the polymer membrane matrix. Various analytical techniques, including FTIR, FESEM, UV, and XRD, were used to analyze the structural and surface characteristics of the composite material. Optimal removal efficiency was achieved at a chromium concentration of 25 ppm and a flow rate of 1 mL/min, resulting in a 93% removal rate. This method offers a promising green chemistry solution for water treatment, with significant potential to improve water quality and mitigate heavy metal contamination.

https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_135326_4f042054821be421e97adf836510132a.pdf

Iranian Medicinal Plants Society Journal of Medicinal plants and By-products 2322-1399 15 6 2026 11 01 Ferula gummosa Boiss.: Compatibility of Cultivating at Different Planting Dates 671 677 135421 10.22034/jmpb.2026.372381.2160 EN Gholamali Valizadeh Department of Agriculture, Bi.C., Islamic Azad University, Birjand, Iran 0000-0002-0937-8945 Reza Baradaran Department of Agriculture, Bi.C., Islamic Azad University, Birjand, Iran Seyed Gholamreza Mousavi Department of Agriculture, Bi.C., Islamic Azad University, Birjand, Iran Fatemeh Nakhaei Department of Agriculture, Bi.C., Islamic Azad University, Birjand, Iran Journal Article 2026 02 24 A factorial experiment, employing a completely randomized design with three replications, was conducted during the 2018-2019 growing season at the laboratory and greenhouse of Islamic Azad University, Shirvan Branch. The study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of cultivating the medicinal plant Galbanum (Ferula gummosa) at various planting dates. The first factor was the planting date, which included four levels: February 20, March 6, March 21, and April 4. The second factor involved four seed treatments: control, primed seeds, dormant seeds, and tissue culture. The traits measured in the study were leaf number, leaf length, tuber length, dry weight, and survival percentage. Results indicated that both planting date and seed treatment significantly affected all measured traits (P≤0.01). Additionally, the interaction between planting date and seed treatment significantly influenced survival percentage (P≤0.05). Mean comparisons showed that the highest values for leaf number, leaf length, tuber length, dry weight, and survival percentage were achieved with the February 20 planting date combined with the seed priming treatment. Correlation analysis revealed significant positive relationships between leaf length and tuber length (0.879), leaf length and plant dry matter content (0.522), tuber length and plant dry matter content (0.707), tuber length and survival percentage (0.406), and plant dry matter content and survival percentage (0.509). Stepwise regression analysis indicated that plant dry matter content was the first variable included in the model, accounting for 26% of the variation in survival percentage. Leaf number was the next variable, and together, these two traits explained 33% of the variation.iven these findings and considering the importance of planting date for cultivating Galbanum in Northern Khorasan Province, the February 20 planting date combined with seed priming is recommended as the optimal treatment for maximizing production.

https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_135421_e8c051741802acc8a879dd4d1065e044.pdf

Iranian Medicinal Plants Society Journal of Medicinal plants and By-products 2322-1399 15 6 2026 11 01 Total Phenolic Content, Antioxidant Activity, and Cytotoxicity of Different Extractions of Solenanthus circinnatus Ledeb. 678 683 135729 10.22034/jmpb.2026.372190.2143 EN Mahboobeh Kavirimanesh Khanaman Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Mahboobeh Raeiszadeh Pharmaceutical Sciences and Cosmetic Products Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Mehrnaz Mehrabani Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Arian Amirkhosravi Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Mehrzad Mehrbani Applied cellular and molecular research center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Faegheh Farhadi Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Mitra Mehrabani Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Journal Article 2026 02 03 Azar-Choob, scientifically known as Solenanthus circinnatus Ledeb., belongs to the Boraginaceae family. Traditionally, its root has been used topically for pain relief and to reduce inflammation. The present study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and cytotoxic effects of various extracts obtained from the roots of Solenanthus circinnatus Ledeb. Following the collection and drying of the plant roots, phytochemical screening was conducted. The dried roots were sequentially extracted using a Soxhlet apparatus with a series of solvents with increasing polarity: n-hexane, dichloromethane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and methanol. The total phenolic content (TPC) of each extract was quantified using the Folin-Ciocalteu assay. Subsequently, the DPPH radical scavenging assay was performed. Finally, the cytotoxic effects of all extracts were assessed on MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, HT-29, A549, and NIH-3T3 fibroblasts via the MTT assay. The highest extraction yield was obtained with the ethanolic extract (25.2 ± 0.85 %). After phytochemical screening, the presence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids, tannins, steroids, and carbohydrates was also confirmed in the plant root. The ethyl acetate extract not only contained the highest TPC but also demonstrated the most potent antioxidant activity. Regarding cytotoxicity, most extracts had no significant effect on cell viability. However, dichloromethane and chloroform extracts at 125 μg/mL significantly reduced the viability of the MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line. This study showed that the ethyl acetate extract of Solenanthus circinnatus Ledeb. may be considered a potentially safe and effective natural antioxidant source for further applications in nutraceutical and pharmaceutical industries.

https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_135729_57446f6b012a38eabb73034d43f30359.pdf

Iranian Medicinal Plants Society Journal of Medicinal plants and By-products 2322-1399 15 6 2026 11 01 Comparative study between Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f. Extract Mouth Rinse and Chlorhexidine Mouth Rinse in Preventing Biofilm Growth on Titanium Dental Implants 684 689 135366 10.22034/jmpb.2026.372362.2156 EN Reem Nsaif Al-Esraa University, Baghdad, Iraq Journal Article 2026 02 23 The primary concern regarding peri-implant infections is the growth of biofilm on dental implant abutments. It is believed that using antimicrobial mouthwash may reduce biofilm development and subsequent infections. This study aimed to assess the anti-biofilm properties of Aloe vera extract (AVE) against Streptococcus mutans biofilm cultivated on titanium dental implant discs. The experiment utilized medical-grade titanium dental implant discs measuring 15 mm in diameter. To determine the phytochemical profile of AVE, its constituents were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), identifying various bioactive compounds, including anthraquinones, flavonoids, and saponins, known for their antimicrobial effects.he study involved sampling St. mutans from a healing abutment on a freshly placed dental implant and culturing it on titanium discs in vitro. The titanium specimens were inoculated with bacteria and incubated at 37 °C for 24 hours, after which they were treated with chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) (n = 5) or AVE (n = 5). Antibacterial activity tests revealed that both AVE and CHX significantly inhibited bacterial growth compared to the negative control. The levels of lactate and turbidity were notably lower in both treatment groups than in the control (p< 0.05). In the antibiofilm testing, there was a statistically significant reduction in turbidity for biofilms in both treatment groups. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images showed minimal bacterial adherence to the titanium discs in the treatment groups, while confluent and integrated biofilms were observed on the discs in the control groups. These results suggest that A. vera extract possesses significant antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties against Streptococcus mutans and could be clinically utilized as a natural mouthwash alternative.

https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_135366_d2f798aef0dbd17082baf38f77307bdd.pdf

Iranian Medicinal Plants Society Journal of Medicinal plants and By-products 2322-1399 15 6 2026 11 01 A Combination of Thymus vulgaris L., Oliveria decumbens Vent., and Anthemis hyalina DC. Extracts Alleviate Rheumatoid Arthritis in a Rat Model 690 697 135527 10.22034/jmpb.2026.371317.2096 EN Behrad Khan Ahmadi Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Khomeini and Mohammad Kermanshahi and Farabi Hospitals Fereshteh Bagheri Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Sara Darakhshan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran Danial Zarei Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Mohammad-Javad Hoseini-Far Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Mohsen Zhaleh Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Reza Tahvilian Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran Journal Article 2025 11 21 It has been shown that herbal medicine can be a promising therapeutic option for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a combination of Thymus vulgaris, Oliveria decumbens, and Anthemis hyalina in relieving both articular and extra-articular symptoms of RA in rats. The animals were divided into three groups: a healthy control without RA or any treatment, RA animals treated with a combination extract injection, and RA animals without any intervention. After disease induction, a combination of hydroethanolic plant extract was injected intra-articularly. Levels of inflammatory factors, rheumatoid factor (RF), C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-17 were measured. The activities of enzymes involved in oxidative stress, catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and reduced glutathione (GSH) were also assessed. The RA animals treated with the combination extract showed improvements in body weight, reductions in arthritis score, and reduction in hind paw volume. Histological assessments revealed decreased bone destruction and inflammatory cell infiltration after treatment with the combination extract. Histopathological observations indicated that the combination extract led to improvements in RA-induced alterations in kidney and liver tissues. The levels of liver health markers, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine transaminase (ALT), as well as renal markers, urea and creatinine, decreased with combination extract treatment. These findings demonstrate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of the combination extracts of T. vulgaris, O. decumbens, and A. hyalina, proposing that they could be further investigated as potential therapeutic agents to alleviate the severity and complications of RA.

https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_135527_f3d929f68df672c7a6b7a50d55c0fd23.pdf

Iranian Medicinal Plants Society Journal of Medicinal plants and By-products 2322-1399 15 6 2026 11 01 Anti-Catalyze Enzyme, Anti-biofilm, Antibacterial Effectiveness of Calcium Bio-Synthesized Nanoparticles from Pseudomonas aeruginosa 698 704 135394 10.22034/jmpb.2026.372377.2159 EN Ismail Jmia Abbass Department of Biology, College of Education, Quran, University of Basrah, Basrah, Iraq Journal Article 2026 02 23 Nanotechnology is a crucial modern science focused on the creation of small-sized particles with significant effectiveness, particularly in health applications. There are three primary methods for synthesizing nanoparticles: physical, chemical, and biological. The biological method is preferred due to its environmentally friendly nature, low cost, and minimal equipment requirements. This study utilized the biological method to synthesize calcium nanoparticles (CaNPs) using the supernatant solution from Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria isolated from soil. The nanoparticles were characterized microscopically, morphologically, and molecularly. Characterization techniques included colorimetric analysis, UV-visible spectrophotometry, FT-IR, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), all of which confirmed the successful synthesis of CaNPs. Biofilm-forming bacteria were identified using Congo red and microtiter plate methods, revealing that the pathogenic isolates Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus exhibited a strong ability to form biofilms. Additionally, the effectiveness of the synthesized nanoparticles in inhibiting biofilms formed by these pathogenic bacteria was tested, demonstrating their antibacterial properties and ability to inhibit catalase enzyme activity.

https://jmpb.areeo.ac.ir/article_135394_ecbbed456eeb1490df3f90af9c91cd1b.pdf