Comparison of Essential oil of Ocimum sanctum L. from Fresh and Dry Aerial Parts by Hydro-distillation and Steam Distillation

Authors

1 Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University Tehran South Branch, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Medicinal Plants, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

The use of natural products as medicinal agents presumably predates the earliest recorded history. Ocimum sanctum L., is a plant which is used in several traditional medicine systems to cure various diseases. In this study aerial parts of Ocimum sanctum were collected on august 2014 from Shahr-e-Rey in Iran. Fresh and dry partsof plants essential oils were extracted with hydro-distillation and steam distillation and then essential oils injected to GC/MS. Main component for dried leaves and flower with hydro-distillation method were chavicol (75.66%), linalool (6.69%) and cis-sabinene hydrate (2.84%) and 0.18% yield and for dry flower were chavicol (38.2%), linalool (32.8%), 10-epi-cubebul (3.89%) and 0.28% yield. Main component with steam distillation method for dry leaves were chavicol (60.95%), linalool (4.38%), E-β-farnsene (3.8%) and 0.21% yield. Main component of steam distilation for dry flower were chavicol (31.4%), linalool (24.7%), (E, E)-farnesole (20.8%), and 0.37% yield. Main component for fresh and dried leaves with hydro-distillation method with dry leaves were chavicol (75.66%), linalool (6.69%), cis-sabinene hydrate (2.84%), and 0.20% yield. Main component with fresh leaves were methyl chavicol (27.64%), spathulenol (13.92%), β-eudesmol (11.5%), and 0.18% yield. Main component for steam distillation method with dry leaves were chavicol (60.95%), linalool (4.38%), E-β-farnsene (3.8%) and 0.23% yield.  Main component with fresh leaves were methyl chavicol (38.96%), linalool (12.19%), spathulenol (6.73%), and 0.21% yield. Main component for fresh and dry flower with hydro-distillation method with dry flower were chavicol (38.2%), linalool (32.80%), α-cadinene (4.08%), and 0.25% yield. Main component for fresh flower were methyl chavicol (26.99%), linalool (17.98%), β-eudesmol (13.12%), and 0.28% yield. Main component for steam distillation method with dry flower were chavicol (31.44%), linalool (24.70%), α-cadinene (5.28%), and 0.35% yield. Main component with fresh flower were chavicol (25.2%), linalool (17.99%), germacrene D (6.87%), and 0.37% yield.  Chavicol is used as an odorant in perfumery and it is miscible with alcohol, ether, and chloroform.

Keywords

References

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Journal of Medicinal plants and By-product
Volume 5, Issue 1
April 2016
Pages 45-50

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