Investigation of Altitude on Morphological Traits and Essential Oil Composition of Nepeta pogonosperma Jamzad and Assadi from Alamut Region

Authors

1 Department of Horticultural Science, University of Guilan, University Campus 2, Rasht, Iran

2 Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran

3 Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Nepeta is one of the biggest geniuses of Lamiaceae family which N. pungens, N. binaludensis, N. isphanica, N. pogonosperma and N. bracteata has been used traditionally in Iran. Nepeta pogonesperma is one of the endemic Nepeta species in Alamut region (Qazvin Province ). So in this research the aerial parts of Nepeta pogonesperma in full flowering stage were collected from Kheshchal altitudes of Alamut (2400, 2600 and 2800 m). Some main morphological characters of plant were measured. Essential oil were obtained by hydro distillation (Clevenger apparatus) and were analyzed by GC/MS. Results were showed that in high altitude (2800m) the yield and quantity of the essential oil components of plant were increased and the 1,8-cineole had the highest content (80.7%). 19 compounds were identified in the essential oil of this plant, Such as α-Pinene, Sabinene, β-Pinene, Myrcene, δ-3-Carene, ρ-Cymene, Limonene, 1,8-Cineole, Cis-Sabinene hydrate, Terpinolene, Linalool, Cis-p-Menth-2-en-1-ol, Pinocarvone, Borneol, Terpinen-4-ol, α-Terpineol, 4aα-7α-7aβ-Nepetalactone, α-Humulene and Viridiflorol. Variance analysis revealed that there was a significant difference between altitudes in the weight of leaf, stem and flower and total plant weight and oil percentage (α≤0.01).  According to the means comparison of the highest leaf and flower weight were belonged to 2400 and 2600 m with 63.7 and 35.7g, respectively. The maximum amount of oil percentage and 1,8-Cineole were observed in 2400 m with 0.55 and 80.7%, respectively. In this research, there were many changes in altitudes in essential oil combinations, which can be increased the production and performance of Nepetalactone, by applying nature-generated modeling factors.

Keywords

References

1. Naseri GH. Examination of ecological requirements and identification chemical components essential oil of Tanacetum parthenium medicinal plant in different habitat west south Golestan province. MSc theses, Islamic Azad University Gorgan Branch. 2007.
2. Lebaschi MH, Matin A, Sharifi Ashorabadi A. Comparison of cultivated ecosystems and natural in production Hayperisin. J Pajouhesh & Sazandegi. 2002;16:48-54.
3. Habibib H, Mazaheri D, Majnoun Hosseini N, Chaeichi MR, Fakhre Tabatabaei M, Bigdeli M. Height effect on essential oil and components of Thymus kotschyanus Bioss. in Taleghan region of Alborz Province, Iran. J Pajouhesh and Sazandegi. 2006;73:2-10.
4. Saeb K, Kakouyi A, Babakhani A, Hoseyni Baldagi SA, Rahdari P, Pourshamsian K, Jafari Hajati K. Investigation the effect of height on component amount of Urtica dioica L. in Ramsar region of Gilan Province, Iran. J Plant Ecosyst. 2013;8:31-40 (In Persian).
5. Dehghan Z, Sefidkon F, Bakhshi Khaniki GhR, Kalvandi R. Effects of some ecological factors on essential oil content and composition of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. subsp. rigida (Boiss.). Iranian J Med Arom Plants. 2010;26:49-63.
6. Jamshidi AH, Aminzadeh M, Azarnivand H, Abedi M. The effect of height on essential oil quality and quantity of Thymus vulgaris. Case study: sub-lake basin of Tar, Damavand. 2006;18:17-22.
7. Lewis WH. Medical Botany (Plant Affecting Mans Health). Wiley- Interscience Publication/John Wiley & Sons, New York. 1991. 257p.
8.Rechinger KH. Flora Iranika, AkademischeDruck-u Verlagsanstalt. 1982. Graz, No. 150.
9. Jamzad Z, Grayer RJ, Kite GC, Simonds MSJ, Ingrounille M. Jallili A. Leaf surface flavonoids in Iranian species of Nepeta (Lamiaceae) and some related genera. Biochem Syst Ecol. 2003;31:587-600.
10. Ghannadi A, Aghazari F, Mehrabani M, Mohagheghzadeh A,Mehregan I. Quantity and composition of the SDE prepared essential oil of NepetamacrosiphonBioss. Iranian Pharmaceut Res. 2003;2:103-5.
11. Nostro A, Cannatelli MA, Giuseppe C, Alonzo V. The effect of Nepeta cataria extracts on adherence an enzyme production of Staphylococus aureus. Int J Antimicrob 2001;18:583-585.
12 . Dabiri M, Sefidkon F. Chemical composition of Nepeta crassifolia Bioss. and Bush oil from Iran. Flav Fragr J. 2003;18:225-227.
13. Amin GR. 1991. Popular Medicinal Plants of Iran. Iranian Ministry of Health Pub Tehran. Vol 1. pp: 40-1.
14. Baser KHC, Kirimer N, Kurkcuoglu M,Demirci B. Essential oil of Nepeta species growing in Turkey. Chem Nat Comp. 2000;36:356-359.
15. Sefidkon F, Akbari-nia A. Essential oil composition of Nepeta pogonosperma from Iran. J Essent Oil Res. 2003;15:327-328.
16. Shahmoradi AA. Manual the project of Autecolgy of important rangeland plant. Reserch Institute of forests & Rangelands. 1999;1:27-28(In Persian).
17. Sefidkon F. Essential oil of Nepeta glomerulosa Bioss. From Iran. J Esse Oil Res. 2001;2:422-423.
18. Shibamoto T. Retention Indices in Essential Oil Analysis. In: Capillary Gas Chromatography in Essential
oil analysis. Edits., Sandra P, and Bicchi C, Dr. Alfred HuethigVerlag, Heidelberg. 1987;259-274.
19. Davies NW. Gas Chromatographic Retention Index of Monoterpenes and Sesquiterpenes on Methyl silicone
and Carbowax 20 M phases. J Chromatogr. 1990;503:1- 24.
20. Adams RP, Identification of essential oils by Ion trap Mass Spectroscopy. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.1989.
Journal of Medicinal plants and By-Products
Volume 6, Issue 1
April 2017
Pages 35-40

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics