Genetic Diversity Evaluation of Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) Ecotypes Using Morphological Traits and Molecular Markers

Authors

1 Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran

2 Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran

Abstract

Genetic diversity of 12 lemon balm ecotypes was evaluated using agronomic traits as well as ISSR and RAPD markers. Results of analysis of variance showed high diversity among the studied ecotypes. Cluster analysis using UPGMA method grouped the ecotypes into three different groups based on the agronomic traits. Twelve ISSR primers created 106 polymorphic bands among the studied ecotypes. An ISSR primer called UBC813 with 16 bands and UBC811, UBC815 and UBC817 primers with 15 bands had the highest number of polymorphic bands and UBC825 with 8 bands had the lowest number of polymorphic bands. In addition, 10 RAPD primers, created 127 polymorphic bands, among them OPA-01with 22 bands and BB13 and OC4primers with 19 and 18 bands had the highest number of polymorphic bands. In contrast, OS-03and OB20markers had the lowest number of polymorphic bands with 14 and 15 bands, respectively. Polymorphism information content (PIC) value ranged between 0.33 to 0.37 for ISSR markers and 0.31 to 0.37 for RAPD markers. Marker index (MI) value ranged between 1.11 to 4.38 for ISSR markers and 1.85 to 5.28 for RAPD markers. Cluster analysis using UPGMA method based on ISSR and RAPD markers results clustered the studied ecotypes into three and two different groups, respectively, by which the percentage of similarity of the two grouping method was about 50%. Grouping the ecotypes based on both molecular markers and agronomic traits matched each other about 40 to 60%.

Keywords

References

1. Saeidi H, Rahiminejad MR, Heslop-Harrison J. Retroelement insertional polymorphisms, diversity and phylogeography within diploid, D-genome Aegilops tauschii (Triticeae, Poaceae) sub-taxa in Iran. Ann Bot. 2008;101:855-861.
2. Sofalian O, Chaparzadeh N, Javanmard A, Hejazi M. Study the genetic diversity of wheat landraces from northwest of Iran based on ISSR molecular markers. Int J Agric Biol. 2008;10:466-468.
3. Shyamalamma S, Chandra S, Hegde M, Naryanswamy P. Evaluation of genetic diversity in jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) based on amplified fragment length polymorphism markers. Genet Mol Res. 2008;7:645-656.
4. El Hadj Ali IB, Guetat A, Boussaid M. Genetic diversity and structure of wild Tunisian Thymus capitatus (L.) Hoffm. et Link.(Lamiaceae) assessed using isozyme markers. Afr J Ecol. 2012;50:140-151.
5. Belhassen E, Atlan A, Couvet D, Gouyon P, Quétier F. Mitochondrial genome of Thymus vulgaris L.(Labiate) is highly polymorphic between and among natural populations. Heredity. 1993;71:462-462.
6. Alamdary S, Safarnejad A, Rezaee M. Evaluation of genetic variation between Thymus accessions using molecular markers. J Basic Appl Sci Res. 2011;1:2552-2556.
7. Smolik M, Jadczak D, Korzeniewska S. Assessment of morphological and genetic variability in some Thymus accessions using molecular markers. Not Bot Horti Agrobo. 2009;37:234-240.
8. Yavari A, Nazeri V, Sefidkon F, Zamani Z, Hassani M. Evaluation of genetic diversity among and within some endemic populations of thymus migricus klokov & desj.-shost using RAPD molecular markers. Iran J Med Aromat Plants. 2012;28:35-47.
9. Danaeipour Z, Fotokian MH, Talei D. Genetic diversity in Melissa officinalis accessions by leaf protein patterns. Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences. 2016;8:88-96. 
10. Aharizad S, Rahimi MH, Moghadam M, Mohebalipour N. Study of genetic diversity in lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) populations based on morphological traits and essential oils content. Annals Biol Res. 2012;3:5748-5753.
11. Ghaffariyan S, Mohammadi SA, AhariZad S. Patterns of population diversity in lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) as revealed by IRAP markers. J Plant Physiol & Breed. 2011;1:39-51.
12. Haidari P, Mehrabi AA, Nasrollah Nejad Ghomi AA. Genetic diversity of balm (Melissa officinalis L.) landraces and genetic relationship within and between them using ITS markers. J Crop Breed. 2014;6:29-39. (In Farsi).
13. Noroozy S, Sharafi Y, Talei D, Naji AM (2016) Evaluation of genetic diversity among Melissa officinalis accessions based on SRAP marker. Paper presented at the Second International & Fourteenth Iranian Genetics Congress, Shahid beheshti University International Conferences Center, 21th to 23th May, Tehran, Iran.
14. Murray M, Thompson WF. Rapid isolation of high molecular weight plant DNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1980;8:4321-4326.
15. Kimura M, Crow JF. The number of alleles that can be maintained in a finite population. Genetics. 1964;49:725-738.
16. Yeh F, Yang R-C, Boyle TJB, Ye Z-H, Mao JX. POPGENE, the user-friendly shareware for population genetic analysis. vol 129. Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Centre, University of Alberta, Canada.
17. Anderson JA, Churchill G, Autrique J, Tanksley S, Sorrells M. Optimizing parental selection for genetic linkage maps. Genome. 1993;36:181-186.
18. Botstein D, White RL, Skolnick M, Davis RW. Construction of a genetic linkage map in man using restriction fragment length polymorphisms. Am J Hum Genet. 1980;32:314.
19. Nei M. Genetic distance between populations. Am Nat. 1972;106:283-292.
20. Lewontin RC. The apportionment of human diversity. In: Dobzhansky T, Hecht MK, Steere WC (eds) Evolutionary biology. Springer, US. 1972;381-398.
21. Rohlf F. NTSYS-pc numerical taxonomy and multivariate analysis system. Ver. 2.02e. Inc, New York.
22. Fisher RA. The use of multiple measurements in taxonomic problems. Ann Hum Genet. 1936;7:179-188.
23. Solouki M, Mehdikhani H, Zeinali H, Emamjomeh A. Study of genetic diversity in Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla) based on morphological traits and molecular markers. Sci Hort. 2008;117:281-287.
24. Pirkhezri M, Hassani M, Hadian J. Genetic Diversity in Different Populations of Matricaria chamomilla L. Growing in Southwest of Iran, Based on Morphological. J Med Plants Res. 2010;4:1-13.
25. Heidary S, Marashi H, Farsi M, Mirshamsi Kakhki A. Assessment of genetic structure and variation of native Berberis populations of Khorasan provinces (Iran) using AFLP markers versus morphological markers. Iran J Biotech. 2009;7:101-107.
26. Zhang J-T, Xu B, Li.M. Genetic diversity of populations of an endangered medicinal plant species (Glycyrrhiza uralensis) in different environments of North China. J Med Plants Res. 2010;4:830-836.
Journal of Medicinal plants and By-Products
Volume 6, Issue 1
April 2017
Pages 97-104

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics