Physiochemical Properties and Leaf Nutrients of Satureja mutica Fisch. & C.A.Mey. Treated with Cattle Manure at Different Plant Densities under Dryland Farming System

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Agronomy, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

2 Faculty of Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran

Abstract

The management of plant arrangement and organic fertilizer is an effective practice in agricultural systems particularly in dryland farming condition. The split plot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of cattle manure and plant density on essential oil (EO) content, EO yield, photosynthesis contents, leaf nutrients, enzyme activities of Satureja mutica Fisch. & C.A.Mey. based on completely randomized block design (CRBD) with three replications during 2018 and 2019. The plants were treated with cattle manure (30 tones ha-1) under high plant density (HPD, 80000 plant ha-1), medium plant density (MPD, 40000 plant ha-1), and low plant density (LPD, 26666 plant ha-1) in dryland farming system. The results showed that the highest EO content (2.2%) and EO yield (10.9 kg ha-1) were observed in the second-year plants with manure application at HPD. Under both HPD and MPD, chlorophyll (Chl) a+b was greater compared to LPD. The higher concentrations of magnesium (Mg) and phosphorous (P) were observed in second-year plants treated with manure application at MPD in comparison with LPD/HPD. Compared to LPD, increased potassium (K) and calcium (Ca) contents were observed at HPD and MPD. The activity of antioxidant enzymes at LPD was significantly higher than other treatments. The use of cattle manure and HPD could increase EO production, but MPD is suggested in improving leaf nutrients of S. mutica.

Keywords

References

  1. Pirbalouti AG, Oraie M, Pouriamehr M, Babadi ES. Effects of drying methods on qualitative and quantitative of the essential oil of Bakhtiari savory (Satureja bachtiarica Bunge.). Indian Crop Prod. 2013;46:324-327.
  2. Soleimani-Ahmadi M, Abtahi SM, Madani A, Paksa A, Abadi YS, Gorouhi MA, Sanei-Dehkordi A. Phytochemical profile and mosquito larvicidal activity of the essential oil from aerial parts of Satureja bachtiarica Bunge against malaria and Lymphatic filariasis vectors. J Essent Oil Bear. 2011;Pl 20:328-336.
  3. Jamzad Z. Thyme and Horses of Iran. Forests and Rangelands Research Institute of Iran Publications, Tehran. 2009;171 p.
  4. Hadian J, Akramian M, Heydari H, Mumivand H, Asghari B. Composition and in vitro antibacterial activity of essential oils from four Satureja species growing in Iran. Plnat Prod Res. 2012.
  5. Sefidkon F, Jamzad Z. Chemical composition of the essential oil of three Iranian Satureja species (S.mutica, S.macrantha and S.intermedia). Food Chem. 2005;91:1-4.
  6. Niemeyer HM. Composition of essential oils from Satureja darwinii (Benth.) Briq. and S. multiflora (R. et P.) Briq .(Lamiaceae). Relationship between chemotype and oil yield in Satureja spp. J Essen Oil Res. 2010;22:477-482.
  1. Siavash Saei‐Dehkordi, S, Fallah, A.A, Heidari‐Nasirabadi, M., & Moradi, M. Chemical composition, antioxidative capacity and interactive antimicrobial potency of Satureja khuzestanica Jamzad essential oil and antimicrobial agents against selected food‐related microorganisms. Int J Food Sci 2012;47:1579-1585.
  2. Karimi E, Ghasemnezhad A, Hadian J, Ghorbanpour M. Assessment of essential oil constituents and main agro-morphological variability in Satureja mutica populations. Braz J Bot. 2016;39:77-85.
  3. Saki A, Mozafari H, Asl KK, Sani B, Mirza M. Plant Yield, Antioxidant Capacity and Essential Oil Quality of Satureja Mutica Supplied with Cattle Manure and Wheat Straw in Different Plant Densities. Commun Soil Sci Plant Anal. 2019;50:2683-2693.
  4. FAO. The future of food and agriculture Trends and challenges. FAO tackling global challenges. 2017.
  5. Hakimi L, Sadeghi SMM, Van Stan JT, Pypker TG, Khosropour E. Management of pomegranate (Punica granatum) orchards alters the supply and pathway of rain water reaching soils in an arid agricultural landscape. Agric Ecosyst Environ. 2018;259:77-85.
  6. Bergottini VM, Otegui MB, Sosa DA, Zapata PD, Mulot M, Rebord M, Junier P. Bio-inoculation of yerba mate seedlings (Ilex paraguariensis St. Hill.) with native plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria: a sustainable alternative to improve crop yield. Biol Fert Soils. 2015;51:749-755.
  7. Movahedi R, Shojaeiyan A, Falahati-Anbaran M, Ayyari M. Genetic variation and structure in natural populations of a medicinal vegetable, Satureja bachtiarica, inferred from microsatellite markers developed using next-generation sequencing. Plant molecular biology reporter. Plant Mol Biol Rep. 2019;3714-23.
  8. Degueurce A, Tomas N, Le Roux S, Martinez J, Peu P. Biotic and abiotic roles of leachate recirculation in batch mode solid-state anaerobic digestion of cattle manure. Bioresour. Technol. 2016;200:388-395.
  9. Askary M, Behdani MA, Parsa S, Mahmoodi S, Jamialahmadi M. Water stress and manure application affect the quantity and quality of essential oil of Thymus daenensis and Thymus vulgaris. Indian Crop Prod. 2018;111:336-344.
  10. Sun R, Zhang XX, Guo X, Wang D, Chu H. Bacterial diversity in soils subjected to long-term chemical fertilization can be more stably maintained with the addition of livestock manure than wheat straw. Soil Biol Biochem. 2015;88:9-18.
  11. Najafian S, Zahedifar M. Antioxidant activity and essential oil composition of Satureja hortensis L. as influenced by sulfur fertilizer. J Sci. 2015;95:2404-2408.
  12. Pandey V, Patel A, Patra DD. Biochar ameliorates crop productivity, soil fertility, essential oil yield and aroma profiling in basil (Ocimum basilicum L.). Ecol Eng. 2016;90:361-366.
  13. Tawfeeq A, Culham A, Davis F, Reeves M. Does fertilizer type and method of application cause significant differences in essential oil yield and composition in rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.). Indian Crop Prod. 2016;88:17-22.
  14. Jeshni MG, Mousavinik M, Khammari I, Rahimi M. The changes of yield and essential oil components of German Chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.) under application of phosphorus and zinc fertilizers and drought stress conditions. J Saudi Soc. 2017;16:60-65.
  15. KeshavarzH, Modarres-Sanavy SAM, Mahdipour Afra M. Organic and Chemical Fertilizer Affected Yield and Essential Oil of Two Mint Species. J Essen Oil Bear Plant. 2018;21:1674-1681.
  1. Bistgani ZE, Siadat SA, Bakhshandeh A, Pirbalouti AG, Hashemi M, Maggi F, Morshedloo MR. Application of combined fertilizers improves biomass, essential oil yield, aroma profile, and antioxidant properties of Thymus daenensis Celak. Indian Crop Prod. 2018;121:434-440.
  2. Flagler J. People-plant relationships: Setting research priorities. Routledge. 2018.
  3. Fischer RA, Ramos OM, Monasterio IO, Sayre KD. Yield response to plant density, row spacing and raised beds in low latitude spring wheat with ample soil resources: an update. Field Crops Res. 2019;232:95-105.
  4. Jin X, Liu S, Baret F, Hemerlé M, Comar A. Estimates of plant density of wheat crops at emergence from very low altitude UAV imagery. remote sens. Environ. 2017;198:105-114.
  5. Morla FD, Giayetto O, Fernandez EM, Cerioni GA, Cerliani C. Plant density and peanut crop yield (Arachis hypogaea) in the peanut growing region of Córdoba (Argentina). Peanut Sci. 2018;45:82-86.
  6. Olsen JM, Griepentrog HW, Nielsen J, Weiner J. How important are crop spatial pattern and density for weed suppression by spring wheat? Weed Science. 2012;60:501-509.
  7. Esmaeilzadeh S, Aminpanah H. Effects of planting date and spatial arrangement on common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) yield under weed-free and weedy conditions. Planta Daninha. 2015;33:425-432.
  8. Mashingaidze N, Madakadze C, Twomlow S, Nyamangara J, Hove L. Crop yield and weed growth under conservation agriculture in semi-arid Zimbabwe. Soil Tillage Res. 2009;124:102-110.
  9. European Pharmacopoeia. European Pharmacopoeia, Vol. 1. Maissoneuve, SA, Sainte Ruffine. 1983.
  10. Nakano Y, Asada K. Spinach chloroplasts scavenge hydrogen peroxide on illumination. plant Cell Physiol. 1981;21:1295-1307.
  11. Williams V, Twine S. Flame photometric method for sodium, potassium and calcium. Modern Methods of Plant Analysis. 1960;5:3-5.
  12. Tandon, P. Punjabi Century. University of California Press. 1968;1857-1947.
  13. Abdelaziz ME, Pokluda R, Abdelwahab MM. Influence of compost, microorganisms and NPK fertilizer upon growth, chemical composition and essential oil production of Rosmarinus officinalis L. Not Bot Horti Agrobo. 2007;35:86.
  14. Dos Santos Marques CT, Gama EVS, da Silva F, Teles S, Caiafa AN, Lucchese AM. Improvement of biomass and essential oil production of Lippia alba (Mill) NE Brown with green manures in succession. Indian Crops Prod. 2018;112:113-118.
  15. Fallah S, Omrani B. Substitution of inorganic fertilizers with organic manure reduces nitrate accumulation and improves quality of purslane. Plant Physiol. 2018;9:2651-2660.
  16. Musumuvhi T. Biochar and poultry manure effects on selected soil physical and chemical properties and maize (Zea Mays) in a dry environment (Doctoral dissertation). 2018.
  17. Anwar Z, Irshad M, Mahmood Q, Hafeez F, Bilal M. Nutrient uptake and growth of spinach as affected by cow manure co-composted with poplar leaf litter. Int J Recycl Org. Waste Agric. 2017;6:79-88.
  18. Aboyeji CM, Adekiya AO, Dunsin O, Agbaje GO, Olofintoye T, Olugbemi O, Okunlola FO. Performance, Some Nutrient Elements and Heavy Metals Accumulation in Tomato under Soil Applied Poultry Manure, NPK and ZnSO4 Fertilizers. Agric Conspec Sc. 2018;83:299-305.
  19. Soratto RP, Catuchi TA, SOUZA EDFCD, Garcia JLN. Plant density and nitrogen fertilization on common bean nutrition and yield. Rev Caatinga. 2017;30:670-678.
  20. Yao H, Zhang Y, Yi X, Hu Y, Luo H, Gou L, Zhang W. Plant density alters nitrogen partitioning among photosynthetic components, leaf photosynthetic capacity and photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency in field-grown cotton. Field Crops Research. 2015;184:39-49.
  21. Wang R, Cheng T, Hu L. Effect of wide–narrow row arrangement and plant density on yield and radiation use efficiency of mechanized direct-seeded canola in Central China. Field Crops Res. 2015;172:42-52.
  22. Ighodaro OM, Akinloye OA. First line defence antioxidants-superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX): Their fundamental role in the entire antioxidant defence grid. Alexandria J Med. 2018;54:287-293.
Journal of Medicinal plants and By-Products
Volume 11, Special
April 2022
Pages 51-57

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics