Chemical Variation in the Essential Oil of Salvia leriifolia Benth. in Response to Organic and Biological Fertilizers

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Khorasan-e-Razavi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Mashhad, Iran

2 Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

3 Research Department of Medicinal Plants and Subproducts, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran

Abstract

In order to study the effect of application of organic and biological fertilizers on leaf dry weight (LDW), essential oils content (EO), and composition of Salvia leriifolia Benth., a factorial experiment was carried out based on randomized complete block design with three replications and 10 treatments. The experiment was performed at Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Mashhad- Iran, during two growing seasons (2014-2015 and 2015-2016). The treatments consisted of five levels of organic fertilizers [control (C0), compost 10 ton/ha (C10) compost 20 ton/ ha(C20), vermicompost three ton/ ha(V3) and vermicompost six ton/ ha(V6)] and Pseudomonas putida biofertilizer in two levels [Inoculation (S1) and without inoculation (S0)]. The results indicated that the highest LDW (1470 kg/ha) in the second year was obtained in C20S1, which increased by 47%, compared to C0S0, respectively. The EO in both growing seasons was not affected by the treatments. However, the application of 20 ton/ haof compost caused the EO yield was significantly higher than other treatments, except V6. A significant increase in LDW caused the highest EO yield of 5.0 and 5.9 kg/hawas obtained in C20S0 treatment in first and second growing seasons, respectively, which increased by 60% compared to the control (C0S0). The results showed that out of 99.9% of EO compounds, 95.6% including 33 identified compounds and only 4.2% contained other compounds. The valuable compounds of β-pinene (26.3%), 1,8-cineole (14.8%), α-pinene (13.8%) and Borneol (4.8%) have the highest percentage of EO compounds in the studied treatments. Organic fertilizer treatments had no significant effect on the four main compounds of S. leriifolia EO but increased Guaiol, Epi-α-eudesmol and δ-cadinol compared with control. The highest percent of Guaiol (2.3) and epi-α- eudesmol (3.2) were obtained in V6S1, respectively, which increased by 68% and 178% compared with control. Also, bacterial inoculation showed a significant difference with non-inoculation in Guaiol and epi-α- eudesmol using V6S1 treatment. Despite the increase in the percentage of these compounds, some of the EO compounds significantly decreased with the application of vermicompost treatments. Accordingly, Sabinene, epi-α-bisabolol compounds in V6S0 were decreased by 116% and 52%, respectively, and Terpine-4-ol and cis-sabinol compounds in V3S0 decreased by 21% and 19%, respectively, compared with control. Finally, the application of organic fertilizers had different effects on the S. leriifolia EO components, but the percent and amounts of all four main components were not affected by treatments.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

  1. Cappellari L, Santoro MV, Nievas F, Giordano W, Banchio E. Increase of secondary metabolite content in marigold by inoculation with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. Applied Soil Ecology. 2013;70:16-22.
  2. Yousefi M, Nazeri V, Mirza M. Essential Oil Variation in Natural Populations of Salvia leriifolia J Essential Oil Bearing Plants. 2012;15:755-760.
  3. Rechinger KH. Flora Iranica, No. 150, Labiatae. Tab 582. Graz-Austeria: Akademische Druk-U. Verlangsantlat. 1982.
  4. Hosseinzadeh H, Sadeghnia H R, Imenshahidi M, Fazly Bazzaz BS. Review of the Pharmacological and Toxicological Effects of Salvia leriifolia. Iranian J Basic Med Sci. 2009;12:1-8.
  5. Dashti M, Kafi M, Tavakkoli H, Mirza M. Cardinal temperatures for germination of Salvia leriifolia Herba Polonica. 2015;61:5-18.
  6. Shah S, Saravanan R, Gajbhiye NA. Phytochemical and physiological changes in Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera Dunal) under soil moisture stress. Brazilian Journal of Plant Physiology, 2010;22:255-261.
  7. Domínguez J, Aira M, Gómez Brandón M. Vermicomposting: earthworms enhance the work of microbes. In: Insam, H, Franke-Whittle, I.H., Goberna, M. (Eds.), Microbes at Work: From Wastes to Resources. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg. 2010:93-114.
  8. Roy S, Arunachalam K, Kumar Dutta B, Arunachalam A. Effect of organic amendments of soil on growth and productivity of three common crops viz. Zea mays, Phaseolus vulgaris and Abelmoschus esculentus. Applied Soil Eco. 2010;7:39-46.
  9. Shaalan MN. Influence of biofertilizers and chicken manure on growth, yield and seeds quality of (Nigella sativa) plants. Egyptian J Agric Res. 2005;83:811-828.
  10. Richter J, Stutzer M, Schellenberg I. Effects of mycorrhization on the essential oil content and composition of aroma components of marjoram (Marjorana hortensis), thyme (Thymus vulgaris) and caraway (Carum carvi L.). 36th International Symposium on Essential Oils, Budapest, Hungary, 4-7 September. 2005.
  11. Khan MS, Ahmad E, Zaidi A, Oves M. Functional aspect of phosphate-solubilizing bacteria: importance in crop production. In: Maheshwari DK et al (eds) Bacteria in agrobiology: crop productivity. Springer, Berlin. 2013;237-265.
  12. Fatma A, Gharib I, Lobana A, Mossa A, Osama N. Effect of Compost and Bio-fertilizers on Growth, Yield and Essential Oil of Sweet Marjoram (Majorana hortensis) Plant. Inter J Agric & Biol. 2008;4:381-387.
  13. Mohammadhosseini M. Chemical composition of the volatile fractions from flowers, leaves and stems of Salvia mirzayanii by HS-SPMEGC- MS. J Essen Oil Bearing Plants. 2015;18:464-476.
  14. Morshedloo MR, Mumivand H, Craker LE, Maggi F. Chemical composition and antioxidant activity of essential oils in Origanum vulgare gracile at different phenological stages and plant parts. J Food Processing & Preservation. 2017;42:1-8.
  15. Asadollahi M, Firuzi O, Heidary F, Jamebozorgi M, Alizadeh A, Jassbi R. Ethnopharmacological studies, chemical composition, antibacterial and cytotoxic activities of essential oils of eleven Salvia in Iran. J Herbal Med. 2018;17-18:1-53.
  16. Mahdieh M, Talebi SM, Akhani M. Infraspecific essential oil and anatomical variations of Salvia nemorosa (Labiatae) populations in Iran. Industrial Crops & Products. 2018;123:35-45.
  17. Anwar M, Patra DD, Chand, S, Alpesh K, Naqvi A, Khanuja SPS. Effect of organic manures and inorganic fertilizer on growth, herb and oil yield, nutrient accumulation and oil quality of French basil. Communication in Soil Sci Plant Analysis. 2005;36:1737-1746.
  18. Khalid KhA, Shafei AM. Productivity of dill (Anethum graveolens) as influenced by different manure rates and sources. Arab Univ. J. Agric. Sci. 2005;13:901-913.
  19. Costa AG, Bertolucci SKV, Chagas JH, Ferraz EO, Pinto, JEBP. Biomass production, yield and chemical composition of peppermint essential oil using different organic fertilizer sources. Ciência Agrotec. 2013;3:202-210.
  20. Alizadeh A, Khoshkhui M, Javidnia K, Firuzi O, Tafazoli E, Khalighi A. Effects of fertilizer on yield, essential oil composition, total phenolic content and antioxidant activity in Satureja hortensis (Lamiaceae) cultivated in Iranian J Medicinal Plants Research. 2010;4:33-40.
  21. British Pharmacopoeia. Appendix XI. Vol. 2, London, HMSO. 2007:137-138.
  22. Adams RP. Identification of essential oil components by gas chromatography quadruple mass spectroscopy. Carol Stream, IL, USA, Allured. 2001.
  23. Shibamoto T. Retention indices in essential oil analysis. In: Capillary Gas Chromatography in Essential Oil Analysis, Sandra P, Bichi C (eds). Alfred Heuthig: New York. 1987:259-275.
  24. Darzi MT Sadeghi Nekoo B. Effects of organic amendments and biofertilizer application on some morphological traits and yield of hyssop (Hyssopus officinalis). J Hortic Sci. 2016;3:491-500.
  25. Zariri M, Azimzadeh S M, Tatari M, Seddighi AR. Effects of Organic and Chemical Fertilizers on Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Peppermint (Mentha piperita). International J Agric & Crop Sci. 2014;7:237-244.
  26. Dashti M, Kafi M, Astaraei A, Zabihi H. Investigation of yield and yield components response of Salvia leriifolia to the biological and organic Fertilizers. Arznei- Gewurzpfla. 2018;22:84-90.
  27. Castagno LN, Estrella MJ, Sannazzaro AI, Grassano AE, Ruiz OA. Phosphate solubilization mechanism and in vitro plant growth promotion activity mediated by Pantoea eucalypti isolated from Lotus tenuis rhizosphere in the Salado River Basin (Argentina). J Applied Micro. 2011;110:1151-1165.
  28. Saharan BS, Nehra V. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria: a critical review. Life Sci Med Res. 2011;60:613-635.
  29. Dadkhah A, Dashti M, Rassam Gh, Fatemi F. Effect of Organic and Biological Fertilizers on Growth, Yield and Essential oil of Salvia leriifolia. Z Arznei- Gewurzpfla. 2017;22:9-13.
  30. Dadkhah, A. 2012. Effect of Chemical and Biofertilizers on yield, growth parameters and essential oil of Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill). J Med Plants & By- Products. 2012;2:101-105.
  31. Aghhavani Shajari M, Rezvani Moghaddam P, Ghorbani R, Nasiri Mahallati M. Effects of single and combined application of organic, biological and chemical fertilizers on quantitative and qualitative yield of Coriander (Coriandrum sativum). 2016;29:486-500.
  32. Rahimi Shokooh A, Dehghani Meshkani MR, Mehrafarin A, Khalighi Sigaroodi F, Naghdi Badi, H. Changes in Essential Oil Composition and Leaf traits of Basil (Ocimum basilicum) Affected by Bio-stimulators fertilizers Application. J Med Plants. 2013;12:83-92.
  33. Mafakheri S, Omidbeygi R, Sefidkon F, Rejali F. Effect of Biofertilizers on Physiological, and Morphological Characteristics and on Essential Oil Content in Dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavica). Iranian J Hortic Sci. 2012;42:245-254.
  34. Darzi MT, Hadj Seyed Hadi MR. Effects of vermicompost and phosphatic biofertilizer application on quantity and quality of essential oil in anise (Pimpinella anisum). Iranian J Med Aromatic Plants. 2013;29:583-594.
  35. Sedigh A, Azizi K, Azizi F. Studying the effects of biological and chemical fertilizing systems on yield and yield components of cumin (Cuminum cyminum). Inter J Agric Crop Sci. 2014;7:60-65.
  36. Moradi R, Rezvani Moghaddam P, Nasiri Mahallati M, Nezhadali A. Effects of organic and biological fertilizers on fruit yield and essential oil of sweet fennel (Foeniculum vulgare dulce). Spanish J Agriculture Research. 2011;9:546-553.
  37. Rashmi KR, Earanna N, Vasundhara M. Influence of biofertilizers on growth, biomass and biochemical constituents of Ocimum gratissimum J Biomed. 2008;3:123-130.
  38. Azzaz NA, Hassan EA, Hamad EH. The Chemical constituent and vegetative and yielding characteristics of fennel plants treated with organic and biofertilizer instead of mineral fertilizer. Australian J Basic Applied Sci. 2009;3:579-587.
  39. Kiani Z, Esmaeilpour B, Hadian J, Soltani Toolarood AA, Fathololumi S. Effect of organic fertilizers on growth properties nutrient absorption and essential oil yield of medicinal plant of spearmint (Mentha spicata L). J Plant Production Research. 2014;21:63-80.
  40. Khalesro Sh, Ghalavand A, Sefidkon F Asgharzadeh A. The effect of biological and organic inputs on quantity and quality of essential oil and some elements content of anise (Pimpinella anisum). Ir. J Med Arom Plants. 2012;27:551-560.
  41. Banchio E, Bogino PC, Zygadlo J, Giordano W. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria improve growth and essential oil yield in Origanum majorana Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. 2008;36:766-771.
  42. Govahi M, Ghalavand A, Nadjafi F, Souroshzadeh A. The Evaluation of Organic and Chemical Fertilizers on Growth Characteristics and Essential Oil of Sage (Salvia Officinalis) under water stress. International Conference on Agriculture, Ecology and Biological Engineering, Sep. 7-8. Antalya. Turkey. 2015.
  43. Niknejad M, Lebaschy MH, Jaimand K, Hatami F. Effect of organic and chemical fertilizers on essential oil of Matricaria chamomilla Iranian J Med Aromatic Plants. 2013;29:373-386.
  44. Garcia D, Silva PSS, Furlan MR, Isobe MTC, Marques, MOM, Ming, LC. Effect of organic fertilizer doses on the plant growth, essential oil production and chemical substances of “carqueja” over two harvest moments. J Agric Sci & Technol. 2017;7:114-124.
  45. Azizi M, Rezvani F, Hassan-Zadeh M, Lekzian A, Nemati A. Effects of vermicompost and irrigation on morphological traits and essential oil of chamomile. Iranian J Med Plants. 2009;241:82- 93.
  46. Santoro MV, Zygadlo J, Giordano W, Banchio E. Volatile organic compounds from rhizobacteria increase biosynthesis of essential oils and growth parameters in peppermint (Mentha piperita). Plant Physiology and Biochemistry. 2011;49:1177-1182.
  47. Kazeminasab A, Yarnia M, Lebaschi MH, Mirshekar B, Rajali F. Effects of vermicompost and biofertilizers on essential oil composition of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) under drought stress. Iranian J Med Aromatic Plants. 2016;32: 678-687.
Journal of Medicinal plants and By-Products
Volume 11, Issue 1
April 2022
Pages 93-101

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics