Volatile Oil Composition of Nigella sativa L. Cultivars Collected from Iran

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Institute of Standard and Industrial Research of Iran, Tehran, Iran

2 Mycobacteriology Research Centre (MRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

3 Phytochemical Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, 53714-161, Tabriz, Iran

Abstract

Nigella sativa L., belonging to the family of Ranunculaceae, is grown for its seeds, which are used in food and medicinal industries. In this study, the volatile oil compositions of 16 cultivars of N. Sativa collected from different parts of Iran were evaluated, and then the chemotaxonomic study was done. The analysis of volatile oils was done using gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), which identified 22 components. Major constituents of the collected cultivars were p-cymene (27.7-38.1%), thymoquinone (19.5-40.9%), thymohydroquinone (5.8-9.6%), α-thujene (5.1-7.2%), and trans-4-methoxythujane (3.4-4.8%). Then, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) were used to assess differences in volatile oil composition. PCA displayed that different groups of cultivars were characterized by high contents of specific compounds. The results of chemometric analysis displayed that PCA was approximately in agreement with HCA, and allowed classification of the studied cultivars into four groups including Group-A (Ns-4, Ns-5, and Ns-16); Group-B (Ns-1), Group-C (Ns-2, Ns-3, Ns-7, Ns-8, and Ns-12), and Group-D (Ns-6, Ns-9, Ns-10, Ns-11, Ns-13, Ns-14, and Ns-15). This is the first study on N. sativa in a vast geographical context in Iran to this extent, using different chemometric techniques. The results of this study can offer scientific data for germplasm of N. sativa in Iran and for breeding programs to improve developed cultivars.

Keywords

References

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Journal of Medicinal plants and By-product
Volume 12, Issue 4
December 2023
Pages 375-386

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