Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1
Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, Tehran, Iran
2
Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmacognosy, Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck, University of Innsbruck
Abstract
The genus Salvia is a rich source of structurally diverse terpenoids. Salvia rhytidea Benth. from the Lamiaceae family is one of the endemic species in the southeast of Iran. Significant biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal effects have been previously reported for the plant. There has been no phytochemical study on the aerial parts of S. rhytidea, with the exception of an analysis of the essential oil. The aim of this study was to carry out a comprehensive phytochemical investigation on aerial parts of S. rhytidea. The ethyl acetate (EtOAc) extract of the aerial parts of the plant was separated by different chromatographic methods on the silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 columns, and preparative thin layer chromatography (Prep TLC) to afford eleven (1-11) metabolites. The structure elucidation of the compounds was performed by extensive 1D and 2D-NMR spectroscopy and comparing their spectra with those reported in the literature. The process resulted in the isolation and purification of four flavonoids, salvigenin (1), eupatorin (2), cirsiliol (3), and cirsimaritin (4), three pentacyclic triterpenes, α-amyrin (5), lupeol (6), and ursolic acids (8), two labdane diterpenoids, sclareol (9) and 6β-hydroxysclareol (10), and two steroidal compounds, β-sitosterol (7) and daucosterol (11). All of these metabolites are described here for S. rhytidea for the first time. In previous studies, several biological properties have been reported for these compounds. Hereupon, S. rhytidea has good potential to conduct further studies in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic fields.
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