Assessing the Influence of Olive Production Units on Household Assets through a Sustainable Livelihood Approach: A Case Study in Rudbar County

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Economic, Agricultural Extension and Education, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

2 Department of Agricultural Economics, Rudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Olive is a vital medicinal product known for its numerous health benefits and therapeutic properties. This study aimed to assess how olive production units affect the assets of working households through a sustainable livelihood approach. The research combined library research and field methods, utilizing a questionnaire as its primary tool. A panel of experts validated the questionnaire for content and face validity post-revision, with a Cronbach's alpha estimate of 0.97 for general reliability. The study was carried out in Rudbar County. The statistical population comprised 5053 olive orchard owners, with a sample size of 604 individuals determined using Bartlett's table. The data were analyzed using the SPSS and LISREL software packages. The main findings, as determined by LISREL, were as follows: P-VALUE = 0.000001, AGFI = 0.9, GFI = 0.91, NNFI = 0.95, CFI = 0.95, RMSEA = 0.038, IFI = 0.95, and X^2/df = 1.88. These findings suggest that the measurement model fits well and is deemed acceptable. The study demonstrated that olive production units have enhanced the livelihoods of participants across various dimensions, including natural, financial, physical, human, and social aspects. Also, a positive and significant correlation was identified between the five livelihood capitals and the livelihood levels of the households. A comprehensive and holistic approach is essential to enhance and maintain the well-being of the target community, considering the interconnected nature of livelihood capitals and livelihood levels. This aligns with the importance of addressing multifaceted aspects of livelihoods to achieve sustainable development and positive outcomes for communities.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

  1. Ahmadi A., Motieee H., Riyahi V., Halalian H. Analysis of levels sustainable livelihoods of villagers (case study of villages in Saqez city). Rural Development Strategies. 2019; 6(1): 3-19. (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.22048/rdsj.2019.140559.1747
  2. Arji I., Safari M., Hadavi I. Effects of Different Organic Manures and Chemical Fertilizers on Yield and Yield Component of Olive (Olea europaea L.,) cv Zard In Kermanshah.
  3. Ali beigi J., Mehdizadeh H. Investigating the role of small industries in improving the livelihood of rural households (case study: Sirvan and Cherdavel cities - Ilam province). Agricultural Economics (Economics and Agriculture). 2015; 10(4): 139-155. https://sid.ir/paper/124479/fa
  4. Azami M., Musa Bakhtiari Ahmed Shanazi Karvan. The effects of dual-purpose aquaculture units on the livelihood of working households (Study case: Hamedan province.) Economic Res. Agric. Development of Iran. 2018;49(4): 735-747. (In Persian). https://www.sid.ir/paper/371826/fa
  5. Azami M., Shanazi C. Analysis of the impact of Zarivar Marivan Wetland on the livelihood assets of rural households on its outskirts. Geography and Development Quarterly. 2017;16(51): 25-42. (In Persian). https:// 10.22111/GDIJ.2018.3848
  6. Badko B., Ghasemi Sayani M., Ranjbarki A., Sham Bayati M., Hamid. Shakiba A. Assessment of livelihood assets of villages in mountainous areas with a sustainable livelihood approach (case study: Koh Shah village, Ahmadi-Hormozgan sector). Quarterly J. Geographical Studies of Mountainous Regions. 2019;3(3): 0-30. 53-65. (In Persian). https://doi.org/10.29252/gsma.1.3. 53.
  7. Baghernejad J., Sabouri M.S., Shokati Amghani M., Norozi A. Developing strategies for stabilizing the livelihood of smallholder farmers through non-farm activities: The application of the SWOT-AHP-TOWS analysis. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems. 2023;7:1199368. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2023.1199368
  8. Bartlett M.S., Bartlett M.S. Independent component representations for face recognition. Face Image Analysis by Unsupervised Learning. 2001;39-67. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4615-1637-8_3
  9. Chambers R., Conway G. Sustainable rural livelihoods: practical concepts for the 21st century. Institute of Development Studies (UK). 1992. https://opendocs.ids.ac.uk/opendocs/handle/20.500.12413/775
  10. Chegini M., Fallahi A., Shaeri M.H. Effect of equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) on wear behavior of Al-7075 alloy. Procedia Materials Sci. 2015;11: 95-100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mspro.2015.11.116
  11. Ellis F. Rural livelihoods and diversity in developing countries. Oxford university press. 2000. https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=gCKQs-3NKhUC&oi=fnd&pg=PA3&dq=Ellis,+F.+Rural+Livelihoods+and+Diversity+in+Developing+Countries%3B+Oxford+University+Press:+New+York,+NY,+USA,+2000.&ots=vXWhdsmsii&sig=ksJ5RrT8M1qMrHrb9KQvY4y2UmU#v=onepage&q&f=false
  12. Rossi S., Tubiello F.N., Prosperi P., Salvatore M., Jacobs H., Biancalani R., Boschetti L., et al. FAOSTAT estimates of greenhouse gas emissions from biomass and peat fires. Climatic Change. 2016; 135: 699-711. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10584-015-1584-y
  13. Gholami R., Arji I., Fahadi Hoveizeh N. Investigating the State of Flowering and Fruit Formation of Some Olive Cultivars under the Stress of Low Irrigation and Salicylic Acid Foliar Application. Agrotechniques in Industrial Crops, 2024. doi: 10.22126/atic.2024.9776.1121
  14. García Tejada M.P. Diagnóstico de la cadena productiva del olivo para mejorar las condiciones económicas de los pequeños productores en el distrito de Bella Unión-provincia de Caravelí–región Arequipa. 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14138/2476
  15. Guillotreau P., Campling L., Robinson J. Vulnerability of small island fishery economies to climate and institutional changes. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability. 2012; 4(3): 287-291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2012.06.003
  16. Golmohammadie M., Ghasemi S., Ghasemi M. Determining the Most Suitable Time to Harvest Olive Fruits Infected with Olive Fruit Fly ‘Bacterocera oleae’ Larvae Based on the Quality and Quantity of Fruit Oil. Agrotechniques in Industrial Crops. 2022; 2(3): 117-122. doi: 10.22126/atic.2022.8268.1062
  17. Hassani S.A., Salehi Sardoei A., Khoshkam S. Non-Destructive Measurement of Leaf Area in Olive Trees Using the Group Method of Data Handling. Agrotechniques in Industrial Crops, 2024; 4(1): 48-55. doi: 10.22126/atic.2024.10254.1136
  18. Papastavropoulou K., Pasias I.N., Dotsika E., Oz E., Oz F., Proestos C. Separation and determination of biophenols in olive oil samples based on the official method of the International Olive Council and Commission Regulation (EU) No. 432/2012. Separations. 2022; 9(4): 101. https://doi.org/10.3390/separations9040101
  19. Issa Zahi A., Sharifzadeh M. Analyzing the status of sustainable rural livelihood funds in Saravan city. Spatial Economy and Rural Development. 2021; 10(36): 79-98. (In Persian). https://doi.org/20.1001.1.23222131.1400.10.36.4.4
  20. Jahad Agriculture Organization of Guilan Province. Deputy of Planning and Economy, Horticultural crop production rate in Rudbar County. 2021. http://jkgc.ir/.ir, retrieved on October 3, 2021.
  21. Khabiri S. An educational needs assessment of olive orchard owners regarding the improvement and development of olive orchards in Viarah Village, Rudbar County. J. Jahad (Agricultural Extension and Rural Development). 2007; (277): 129-140. (In Persian). https://www.noormags.ir/view/fa/articlepage/589927
  22. Maher N., Matei D., Milinski S., Marotzke J. ENSO change in climate projections: forced response or internal variability?. Geophysical Res. Letters. 2018; 45(20): 11-390. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL079764
  23. Mudavanhu, C., Zinyandu, T., Mudavanhu, N., Mazorodze, S., Chinyanganya, T. P., Manyani, A., Phiri S., et al. Smallholder gardening as a sustainable livelihood strategy in Chikwanda communal lands, Gutu, Zimbabwe. 2012.
  24. Najafi H., Karim M., Rangriz H. The impact of various factors on the improvement of olive orchard management in Tarom County with a focus on bank facilities. Eqtesad-E Keshavarzi Va Towse'e. 2016; 24(95): 107-121. https://doi.org/10.30490/AEAD.2016.59046
  25. Nazari Goran A., Mojaverian Mo., Peshwai M. (2019). Green closed-loop supply chain design for olive production under risk conditions. Agricultural Economics and Development. 2019; 28(3): 31-63. (In Persian). https://doi.org/ 10.30490/AEAD.2020.312856.1102
  26. Nouri Hadi. The influence of eco-tourism on sustainable rural livelihoods in Sistan and Baluchistan province. Sistan and Baluchistan Police Science Scientific Journal. 2019;11(35):77-102. (In Persian)
  27. Paul B.G., Vogl C.R. Organic shrimp aquaculture for sustainable household livelihoods in Bangladesh. Ocean Coastal Management. 2013; 71: 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2012.10.007
  28. Savari M., Shabanali Fami H., Iravani H., Asadi A. Collecting the strategies to stabilize the livelihood of small-scale farmers and training common strategies considering sustainability and vulnerability in drought conditions. Environmental Education and Sustainable Development. 2018; 6(3): 137-156. 20.1001.1.23223057.1397.6.3.10.0
  29. Savari M., Sheykhi H., Amghani M.S. The role of educational channels in the motivating of rural women to improve household food security. One Health. 2020; 10:100150. doi: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2020.100150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.onehlt.2020.100150
  30. Sahneh B., Sadin H., Jahedi F. The Role of Sericulture in Improving the Sustainable Livelihood of Rural Households in Ramyan County. Geography and Environmental Sustainability. 2022;12(1): 105-120. https://doi.org/ 10.22126/GES.2022.7388.2491
  31. Shokati Amghani M., Savari M., Choobchian S. Vulnerability assessment of Iran's rural-farmer households during COVID-19 pandemic. Front. Public Health. 2022; 10:994922. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.994922. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.994922
  32. Shokati Amghani M., Kalantari K., Asadi A., Fami H.S. Investigating the effective factors on land dispersion and fragmentation in east Azarbayjan Province. Iran. J. Agric. Eco. Dev. Res. 2018; 49: 487–508. doi: 10.22059/IJAEDR.2017.237776.668459
  33. Shokohi Z., Bahman S., Najafi Kani A.A. The role of transformation and complementary industries (processing of date products) in improving the sustainable livelihood of rural households (case study: Qir and Karzin villages). Geographical Studies of Dry Areas. 2021; 12(46):31-52. (In Persian). https://jargs.hsu.ac.ir/article_161554.html
  34. Soleimani T.S., Maryam Abdullahzadeh Gh., Sharifzadeh M.SH. (2018). Strategic planning of olive supply chain development in Rudbar city, Gilan province. Entrepreneurship Strategies in Agriculture. 2048; 6(12), 98-111. (In Persian). https://sid.ir/paper/955091/fa
  35. Su Z., Aaron J.R., Guan Y., Wang H. Sustainable livelihood capital and strategy in rural tourism households: A seasonality perspective. Sustainability. 2019; 11(18), 4833. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11184833
  36. Todman J., Dugard P. Approaching multivariate analysis: a guide for psychology. Psychology press. 2007. http://library.dundee.ac.uk/F/?func=direct&local_base=DUN01&doc_number=000604940
  37. Veisi F., Nikkhah Ch. Analysis of the role of tourism in the livelihood and economic sustainability of rural households, case study: Oraman section of Sarvabad. J. Geography and Planning. 2019; 22(66), 329-348. (In Persian). https://geoplanning.tabrizu.ac.ir/article_8573.html
  38. Yasinto Y., Kameo D.D., Lawang R.M. Persistent Poverty Amid Rural Infrastructure Development in Timor Island, Indonesia: Enhancing Livelihood Analysis on Rural Development. International J. Social Sci. Res. Review. 2023; 6(5), 384-400. https://doi.org/10.47814/ijssrr.v6i5.1224
  39. Yazdanpanah M., Tajeri Moghadam M., Savari M., Zobeidi T., Sieber S., Löhr K. The impact of livelihood assets on the food security of farmers in southern Iran during the COVID-19 pandemic. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2021; 18:5310. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18105310. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105310
  40. Zhu J., Sun Y., Song Y. Household livelihood strategy changes and agricultural diversification: a correlation and mechanism analysis based on data from the China family panel. Land. 2022; 11:685. doi: 10.3390/land11050685. https://doi.org/10.3390/land11050685
Journal of Medicinal plants and By-Products
Volume 14, Issue 2
March and April 2025
Pages 127-136

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics