Effects of Locality, Flower Organ, and Ratio Flower to Distilled Water on Rose Water Quality of Rosa damascena Mill

Taebnia, Reyhaneh; Sefidkon, Fatemeh; Mohammadi Torkasvand, Ali; Jafari, Ali Ashraf; Kalatehjari, Sepideh

doi:10.22034/jmpb.2024.367039.1764

Effects of Locality, Flower Organ, and Ratio Flower to Distilled Water on Rose Water Quality of Rosa damascena Mill

Articles in Press

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

¹ Department of Horticultural Sciences, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

² Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran

10.22034/jmpb.2024.367039.1764

Abstract

In order to study the optimized parameters for the production of rose water, a factorial experiment was conducted using three factors A) locality, B) flower organ, and C) flower-to-distilled water ratio (FDWR). The quality of rose water was assessed by essential oil, and phenyl ethyl alcohol content, pH, acid, ester, oxidation, and iodine number. The essential oils in rose water were extracted and analyzed by GC and GC/MS. There were significant differences between flowers and petals for all the traits except acid and iodine number (P<0.01). For FDWR, there was a significant difference between all traits except acid number (P<0.01). The amounts of essential oil, acidity, oxidation, and iodine numbers were decreased drastically by increasing FDWR. There was no significant difference between localities for traits, but the response of FDWR in both locations was not similar (p<0.01). The higher essential oil content (14.6 mg/100 ml) and iodine number (63.33) were obtained in 1:2 kg/L FDWR. The plant material by FDWR interaction was significant for oil content, pH, and acid number (p<0.01), i.e. the higher oil content (16.03 mg/100ml) was obtained from petals in 1:2 kg/L FDWR. The higher values for essential oil, ester, oxidation and iodine number were obtained from the petals. A decreasing trend in the amount of methanol, ethanol and phenyl ethyl alcohol was observed with FDWR reduction. A comparison of the mean percentages of the main oil components in the rose water showed higher amounts of citronellol and phenyl ethyl alcohol and a lower percentage of geraniol in the Qamsar samples.

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