Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Iphiona aucheri: Modulation of Nitric Oxide Levels in RAW 264.7 Macrophages and Cytotoxic Effects on MCF-7 Human Breast Cancer and HT1080 Human Fibrosarcoma Cells

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

2 Medicinal Plants Processing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

3 Phytopharmaceutical Technology and Traditional Medicine Incubator, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

4 School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

5 Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

6 Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran

Abstract

The objective of this study was to examine phytochemical compounds and the cellular effects of the essential oil of Iphiona aucheri (Boiss.) Anderb. The essential oil of the dried aerial parts of the plant with the recovery rate of 0.1% (v/w) was extracted through hydrodistillation by a Clavenger apparatus, and the chemical compounds were identified based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic effects of the essential oil were examined. The Griess assay was used to test the anti-inflammatory activity on the RAW 264.7 macrophage cell line. The MTT assay was used to test the cell viability on the RAW 264.7 macrophage, the HT1080 fibrosarcoma, and the MCF-7 cell lines. The essential oil of this plant consists of sesquiterpenes and monoterpenes, with more than 60% of it made up of compounds such as limonene, α-farnesene, and trans-caryophyllene. The essential oil demonstrated its anti-inflammatory effect on macrophage cells (RAW 264.7) by reducing nitric oxide production at concentrations below 100 µg/mL.  Increasing the cell viability percentage of macrophage cells along with reducing the NO release rate at a concentration of 6.25 μg/mL suggested promising anti-inflammatory effects. The essential oil was cytotoxic to the human fibrosarcoma (HT1080) with an IC50 of 47.94±1 µg/mL.

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References

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Journal of Medicinal plants and By-products
Volume 14, Issue 4
July and August 2025
Pages 381-384

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