Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1
College of Science, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
2
Al-Iraqia University/ College of Dentistry
3
College of Science for Women- University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
4
College of Medical Techniques, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
5
College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Dhi Qar, 64001, Iraq
6
Department of Medical Physics, Faculty of Medical Applied Sciences, University of Karbala, 56001, Karbala, Iraq
7
Department of Anesthesia Techniques and Intensive Care, Al-Taff University College, 56001, Karbala, Iraq
Abstract
This study investigates the impacts of climate change (CC) on the emergence and proliferation of fungal pathogens, with a particular focus on global food security and the potential of medicinal plants and their by-products as sustainable mitigation strategies. Through a systematic literature review of articles published up to 2024, we analyze how CC exacerbates the spread and severity of fungal diseases in crops, leading to significant agricultural losses and threats to food availability. The findings highlight that, alongside conventional approaches such as genetic resistance and precision farming, bioactive compounds derived from medicinal plants and their by-products offer promising, eco-friendly alternatives for the management of fungal pathogens. Recent advances in the application of plant extracts, essential oils, and other natural products demonstrate their efficacy in suppressing fungal infections and enhancing crop resilience under changing climatic conditions. Furthermore, the integration of these natural solutions into sustainable agricultural practices can reduce reliance on synthetic fungicides, thereby supporting ecosystem preservation. Policy recommendations are proposed to promote research, development, and adoption of medicinal plant-based interventions as part of comprehensive strategies to safeguard food security in the context of CC. The study underscores the urgent need for interdisciplinary and innovative approaches, including the utilization of medicinal plants and their derivatives, to address the rising challenges posed by fungal pathogens in a warming world.
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