Antimicrobial Effect of Pinus longifolia Roxb. ex.Lamb. and Pinus eldarica Medw. Fruits Hydroalcoholic Extract Against Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran

2 Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran

3 School of Dentistry, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran

4 Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, student research committee, School of Dentistry, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran

5 Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran

6 Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Lorestan Province, Iran

10.22034/jmpb.2026.369987.2004

Abstract

As a result of the growing resistance of pathogenic microorganisms to antibiotics, researchers are working to identify novel herbal medicines as an alternative to pharmaceutical medicines and antibiotics. The antimicrobial property of the hydroalcoholic extract of Pinus longifolia and P. eldarica fruits was examined in vitro with respect to Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis pathogens. P. longifolia and P. eldarica fruit hydroalcoholic extracts were made for this laboratory work, and the extracts' minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bacterial killing concentration (MBC), and minimum fungal killing concentration (MFC) were measured. For E. faecalis and Candida albicans, the MIC of P. longifolia hydroalcoholic extract was 12.5 and 6.25 mg/ml, respectively. The MIC for the extract and chlorhexidine combination was 0.78 mg/ml. In the case of E. faecalis and C. albicans, the MIC of P. eldarica fruit hydroalcoholic extract was 12.5 and 6.25 mg/ml, respectively. The MIC of the extract + chlorhexidine against E. faecalis and C. albicans was 1.56 and 0.78 mg/ml, respectively. In comparison to the extract alone, the extract and chlorhexidine yielded superior results. Therefore, the combination of chlorhexidine and hydroalcoholic extracts of P. longifolia and P. eldarica could be a candidate for producing antimicrobial and strong intracanal rinsing compounds, which requires further investigation, including cytotoxicity assays for human cells and interaction with dentin or other detergents.

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References

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Journal of Medicinal plants and By-products
Volume 15, Issue 3
May and June 2026
Pages 347-352

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