Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1
Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
2
Department of Biology, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
3
Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
4
Department of Biology, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
5
Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
6
Medical Toxicology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
Abstract
Khorasan Razavi Province is one of the most significant regions of plant diversity of the flora of Iran. Numerous rare indigenous plant species are grown in this province, which would be suitable potential candidates for assessing cytotoxic activities and apoptosis induction. In this study, we intended to explore the cytotoxic and apoptotic properties of the methanol extract of the root and aerial parts of 10 rare and endemic plants of Khorasan Razavi Province, namely Dorema kopetdaghense, Chaerophyllum khorassanicum, Seseli staurophyllum, Seseli transcaucasicum, Haplophyllum obtusifolium, Crinitaria grimmii, Handelia trichophylla, Rheum turkestanicum, Eremostachys boissieriana, and E. macrophylla, on PC-3, MCF-7, MDA, and B16F10 cancer cells using resazurin and flow cytometry assays. 100 μg/ml of D. kopetdaghense root extract on PC3 (p <0.001), MCF-7 (p <0.001), MDA (p <0.001), B16F10 (p <0.001) cells significantly decreased cell viability. 100 μg/ml of H. obtusifolium root extract on PC3 (p <0.001), MCF-7 (p <0.001), MDA (p <0.05), B16F10 (p <0.001) cells, and 50 μg/ml of H. obtusifolium root extract on MCF-7 (p <0.01), B16F10 (p <0.001) exhibited cytotoxic effects. The histogram obtained from the PI staining and flow cytometry indicated induction of apoptosis by 25 and 50 μg/ml D. kopetdaghense and H. obtusifolium root extracts in the PC3 and MCF-7 cell lines. The root extracts of D. kopetdaghense and H. obtusifolium had significant cytotoxic effects and could induce apoptosis. It suggests that plants with low IC50 values are considered potent cytotoxic species for further evaluation as candidate anti-cancer agents.
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